4 : SEALS. 
brary,’ which contains a carefully compiled account of these 
animals, and some original figures from the specimens m the 
Edinburgh and Liverpool Museums: but unfortunately, Mr. 
Stewart, the draughtsman, has been more intent on giving them 
an artistic effect than on attending to their zoological characters. — 
Thus, some which should have no claws on their hind-feet, have © 
large ones, and sometimes one too many for any beast ; and the ~ 
toe-membranes of all the Eared Seals or Otaries are represented — 
as hairy instead of bald. The same author has given an account — 
of the Fur Seal in the ‘ Annals of Natural History,’ which he ~ 
considers as different from the Sea Bear of Forster and other — 
South-Sea navigators: accordmg to Dr. Hooker, the Fur Seals — 
rarely exceed 34 or 4 feet in length. . 
Seamen have long divided the Seals, on account of the great — 
difference in their form, into the Earless and Eared Seals. Buf- — 
fon adopted the division; and Peron, in his account of Baudin’s d 
voyage (ii. 37), gave the name of Otaria to the Eared Seals. — 
Cuvier and most naturalists have adopted this name. & 
In the ‘ Medical Repository’ for 1821, p. 302, I considered — 
the Seals as forming an Order named Amphibia, contaming two : 
families: Phocade for Phoca and Otaria, and Trichecide for — 
Trichecus. : 
Dr. Fleming, in 1822, placed the Otters (Lutra), Sea Otters — 
(Enhydra), the Seals (Phoca), Ursine Seals (Otaria), and Walrus — 
( Trichecus), in a single group which he called Palmata.—Phil. — 
Zool. ii. 187. ‘ 
In the ‘Annals of Philosophy’ for 1825, I considered the — 
genera Phoca and Trichecus as each forming a family, and pro-— 
posed to divide the Seals thus :—I. Grinders many-rooted ; ears — 
none; nose simple.—1. Stenorhynchina, Pelagios and Stenorhyn-— 
chus. 2. Phocina, Phoca.—II. Grinders with simple roots, or with — 
divided roots, and with distinct ears. 3. Enhydrina, Enhydra. — 
4. Otariina, Otaria and Platyrhynchus. 5. Stemmatopina, Stem-— 
matopus and Macrorhinus. 
M. F. Cuvier, in 1825, in the Dents des Mammiferes, 118, — 
divides the Seals into those which have many roots to the grinders, 
including P. velutina, P. leptonyx, and P. mitrata, and those 
with simple-rooted grinders, as P. wrsina and P. proboscidea. 
In 1829, in the article ZooLoci« in the Dict. Sci. Nat. lix. 367, 
‘he divides them into—1l. Les Phoques proprement dit, including” 
the genera Callocephalus, Stenorhynchus, Pelagius, Stemmato- 
pus, Macrorhinus, Arctocephalus and Platyrhynchus, and 2. Les 
Morses, for the genus Trichecus. In a paper on the genus, m 
Mém. Mus. xi. 1827, 208, he proposed to divide them into the 
following subgenera placed in three sections :— m 
