64 DR ANDERSON ON CODEINE, AND 
Sulphate of Codeine.—Crystallises in radiated groups of long needles, or by 
spontaneous evaporation in flattened four-sided prisms. It requires for solution 
30 times its weight of cold water, but it is very soluble in the heat. When pure, 
it is neutral to test paper, but it is very liable to retain a small quantity of acid, 
which can be got rid of by repeated crystallisations. The first analysis was made 
with the salt which had been only once crystallised, and has therefore given an 
excess of sulphuric acid. 
Analysis of the salt, dried at 212°, gave the following results :— 
12°536 ... of carbonic acid, and 
5°564 grains sulphate of codeine gave 
ie 
| 3:270 ... of water. 

5-677 grains of sulphate of codeine gave 
II. { 12°831 ... of carbonic acid, 
3324 ... of water. 
I 9-540 grains of sulphate of codeine gave 
i 3°265 ... of sulphate of baryta. 
II 10-826 grains of sulphate of codeine gave 
: 3°650 ... of sulphate of baryta. 
Experiment. Calculation. 
a —_—_—————— 
I. II. 
Carbon, : : : 61:44 61:64 62:07 C. 216 
Hydrogen, . - ; 6°52 6°50 6°39 H,, 22 
Nitrogen, 4 “ < £53 ane 4:03 N 14 
Oxygen, ; ¢ A tee an 16°03 0, 48 
Sulphuric Acid, 2 11°75 1] -54 11-49 SO, 40 
100-00 348 
27:13 grains of the crystallised salt lost, at 212°, 3:068 grains of water=11:30 
per cent. This corresponds to 5 equivalents of water, the calculated result for 
which is 11°45. 
The formula of the crystallised salt is therefore 
C,, H,, NO, HO SO, +5 HO. 
Nitrate of Codeine.—Is obtained by slowly adding nitric acid, of specific gra- 
vity 1-060, to powdered codeine, an excess of nitric acid being carefully avoided, 
as the base is rapidly decomposed by it with the formation of a product of sub- 
stitution to be afterwards described. The nitrate is readily soluble in boiling 
water, and is deposited on cooling in small prismatic crystals. Heated on plati- 
num, it melts, and on cooling, concretes into a brown resinous mass ; at a higher 
temperature it is rapidly decomposed, leaving a bully coal, difficult of incineration. 
( 6°360 grains of nitrate of codeine, dried at pipe gave 
13°854 .-- of carbonic acid, 
3°746 ..- of water. 
These results correspond with the formula C,, H,, NO, HO NO,. 
