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DR DAVY’S OBSERVATIONS ON THE CHARR. 331 
Salmonidee (Coregonus Pala), M. Voer has so ably and elaborately treated of in 
the work already referred to. 
The observations I have described are fewer than I could have wished. and the 
results more imperfect; I can offer them only in the manner in which I trust 
they will be received, viz., as a contribution to the history of the charr. 
I may notice some of the facts which they seem to establish, and some of the 
inferences which they appear to me to warrant. 
1. That the time required for hatching the ova of the charr is variable, de- 
pending on the degree of temperature of the water and other influences: that 70 
days may be considered about the average, and 40 and 90 about the extremes. 
2. That after exclusion from the egg the young fish can live at least 60 days 
without taking food, deriving the material required for its support and growth 
from itself, and chiefly from the store that nature has supplied in its yolk. 
3. That under favourable circumstances, it attains its perfect form in about 
from 60 to 70 days, when it becomes dependent for its subsistence chiefly on food 
which it has to seek and to procure from without; though even then it is pro- 
bable the whole of the yolk is not expended, so that external food failing, the 
privation can be borne and life maintained, and that for no inconsiderable time, 
by means of the residual yolk contained within the abdominal cavity. 
4, That running water is not essential to the hatching of the ova; and, in 
consequence of its breeding-place being distinct from that of the trout, it is exposed 
to little risk of being lost as a species by repeated crossings with the trout. 
5. That salt water, even of greater saltness than sea-water, is not imme- 
diately fatal to the embryo, even when not included in its shell; moreover, that 
in slightly brackish water a partial development of the ovum may take place: 
and that the young fish can exist some days in such water, rendering it probable 
that the adult may be capable of existing in a tidal stream, or even in the sea, 
for a time, where it is stated that the Welsh charr has been caught.* 
6. That in water of small bulk, such as may be used for transporting fish 
from place to place, with common air, the young charr may endure confinement 
for several days without impairment of its vigour ; and that substituting oxygen, 
it may endure such confinement for a much longer time, at least quadruple that 
period. 
7. That the young fish can bear, without any immediate injury that is appa- 
rent, a temperature removed only a degree or two from the freezing-point of 
water; and also a higher temperature, ranging from 60° to 70°, but not above 
83°, which, in the single instance tried, was almost instantly fatal to it. 
The application of these facts to the breeding and transporting of the charr 
* See Mr Yarretx’s History of British Fishes, vol. ii., p. 71. 1st Edit. 
