461 



upon perpetuating through successive generations, what might be 

 named the type of the individual, or person, than upon producing 

 intermediate likenesses, referred (often fancifully) to two types, 

 paternal and maternal. 



From all these observations, it was concluded, that, although in 

 every society of mixed races the type of the minority had a tendency 

 to become merged, or to disappear in that of the majority, yet that, 

 by the interposition of relaxed laws, made in favour of the mixture of 

 two or more approximating races, such a result (in the absence of 

 exterminating wars, famine, or pestilence) may be postponed to an 

 incalculable period of time ; and, as an ultimate consequence, that 

 the discovery of ancient European races in those which are modern 

 is a reasonable expectation not likely to be frustrated. 



After these observations, the author proceeded to the chief object 

 of the Memoir, which was to explain, on ethnological principles, the 

 ancient British races enumerated by Tacitus. These were, 1st, the 

 Caledonians — " the red hair of those who inhabit Caledonia, and 

 their large limbs, bespeak a German origin ;" 2d, the Gauls — 

 " those who are nearest to the Gauls are also similar to them ;" 

 and, 3d, the Iberians, indicated by their swarthy features and their 

 curled hair. 



The following exhibits a classification of the modern British races 

 with which the author compared those enumerated by Tacitus ; but 

 the description of them docs not admit of abridgment. 



(A.) Races referrible to the Light-haired German Stock. 

 Under the common title German, it was supposed that three races, 

 and possibly a fourth, might be included. 



(a) The Teutonic race. — To this race the description given of 

 the Germans by Tacitus was supposed to apply exclusively. This 

 type the author stated to be found in Scotland and the north of 



England. 



(b) The Scandinavian race. — This type was described by the 

 author as it occurs in Orkney and Shetland, in the North and West 

 Highlands of Scotland, and in Ireland. 



(c) ITie Anglo-Frisian race. — The type prevails in the south 

 aiid midland districts of England, but diminishes in the northern 

 counties and in Scotland. 



(d.) The Pictish race. — The author has not yet had leisure to 

 verify his suspicion, that there exists, in certain Scottish districts, 



