390 
of them in removing the brain; each of these lobules or gan- 
glions contained a large ventricle with smooth surface, and 
communicating with the lateral ventricle. The middle lobes of 
the cerebrum are very large and of great transverse breadth, 
like those of the cetacea, as may be seen by comparing them 
with the brain of the porpoise upon the table: there are no 
posterior lobes. The cerebellum is of considerable extent, 
both transversely and vertically, and abuts against the posterior 
inferior margin of the cerebrum; the mesocephale or cerebral 
protuberance is very large and broad, and the crura cerebri 
on leaving it are of great thickness; the medulla oblongata is 
highly developed, and not only the anterior pyramids, but 
also the olives, are of great size; the tubercula quadrigemina 
and pineal body are small, not much larger than the human; 
the optic nerves also are small, and the fourth pair are about 
the same size as in man; the fifth nerves are of prodigious 
size; the seventh also are rather large. The weight of the 
encephalon was eleven pounds ten ounces, but, allowing for 
the loss of some portions of the surface injured in the removal, 
also for the olfactory lobes, and the empty state of the vessels, 
it may be fairly stated as twelve pounds, Troy weight. On 
weighing each part separately, the cerebrum was seven pounds 
and a half, the cerebellum was four pounds, and the mesoce- 
phale and medulla oblongata half a pound. 
‘Thus the brain of this young elephant weighs twelve 
pounds, while that of the full-grown horse does not exceed 
two pounds, and that of man seldom equals four pounds. 
From an examination of the brains of 150 men, the average 
weight of this organ was found to be about three pounds eight 
ounces, but exceptions occasionally occur, thus the brains of 
Cuvier and Dupuytren are recorded as nearly five pounds 
Troy weight. From an examination of ninety females, the 
average weight of the brain was three pounds four ounces, 
that is, about four ounces lighter than that of man. The 
brain of the idiot is seldom more than one pound and a half. 
These are the general results of the observations of Tiede- 
