XXXVI1 
mill was right in the way of the new channel; and Mr. Byrne, who 
saw the walls before they were removed, says the whole structure 
was of a most rude construction. 
“‘ The discovery of the remains of ancient mills beneath the pre- 
sent surface of the land is not unusual in Ireland, but I have never 
heard of any being found so deeply imbedded as were the remains 
of this one. 
* Articles, Nos. 1, 2,3, 4, and 5.—The two axes, the crook, and 
spear-heads were found in the fissures of the limestone rock at 
Syngefield ; they were covered with about one foot in depth of in- 
durated gravel. 
‘“* The spear-head, No. 3, differs from the one, No. 4, in having 
a well-defined spine, but both are of the ordinary kind. 
‘* No. 6.—The piece of sword-blade has nothing peculiar about 
it. Indeed it is very strange that a greater number of comparatively 
modern implements of war were not found near Birr, considering 
the many engagements, skirmishes, and sieges which took place 
about that town and neighbourhood, particularly between the adhe- 
rents of James II. and William III. © 
“‘ No. 7.—The horse-shoe is quite a puzzle to me. From the 
position of the nails, the convex side must have been towards the 
ground. Whether it was the general form used at the time, or whe- 
ther it was made to suit a particular form of foot, or particular 
service, I cannot tell. 
‘** No. 8.—The skull. The hole in this skull is like what would 
be made by a pistol bullet. 
“ These eight articles were found in the valley of the Camcor 
Proper ; the remainder were found in the valley of the Pass Stream. 
“Just above the Pass Bridge, at the east end of Droughtville 
Demesne, is a marsh called the Muddy Lake on the Ordnance Map, 
but by the people the Island Lough. On the north side of this 
marsh there is a small island, on which are the remains of Kiltubrid 
Castle. Between the castle and mainland, on the north side, there 
is an ancient causeway, about 100 yards in length. Our new chan- 
nel crossed this causeway, within thirty yards of the castle. In 
the excavation we found several large pieces of oak timber, that 
had evidently been framed together, as the mortices were tolerably 
perfect. From their position in the old causeway, and the lowest 
part of the marsh being at that place, they were evidently part of 
the drawbridge. Here, too, we found the articles 10, 11, 12, and 
