SiS ESSAYS AND OBSERVATIONS 



In all chofe I have had an opportuni- 

 ty of examining, the injury done the inte- 

 flines has been confined to the colon and 

 re6lum. 



The internal fiirface of the re<5ium 

 commonly appeared either entirely black, 

 or covered with a number of large black 

 fpots, which have generally paiTed for Co 

 many gangrenes ; and a number of fuch 

 black fpots, fome larger, fome fmaller, 

 were to be feen on the internal furface of 

 the colon, up as far as its great fac, into 

 which the ileum enters. 



On examining thefe black or livid 

 fpots, I found that they were occafioned 

 by black diflblved blood, or other liquors, 

 difFufed thro' the cellular membranes, fitu- 

 ated immediately above the fine villous 

 coat that covers the internal furface of the 

 great guts j and that generally, in the 

 middle of each of thefe black fpots, there 

 was more or lefs of an erofion of the 

 villous coat. On raifing the villous coat 

 at the places where thefe black fpots were, 

 it appeared fine, tranfparent, and firm; 

 though the cellular membrane above 



was 



