LECTURES. 47 
We append some notes printed specially for this lecture which 
may be useful to members of the Society. 
Characteristic Features of a few Orders. 
DICOTYLEDONS. 
zt. Ranunculacee —All the parts of the flower separate. The pistils superior. 
Clematis, anemone, marsh marigold, buttercups, etc. 
2. Crucifere—Petals four, forming a cross. Stamens six, of which two are 
shorter. Ovary shews two divisions. 
Wallflower, cabbage, shepherd’s purse, mustard, turnip, cuckoo flower. 
3. Leguminose—Fiowers papilionaceous (resembling a butterfly). Ten sta- 
mens, nine of which are usually combined. Ovary consists of one carpel. 
Fruit a pod. 
Vetch, clover, pea, gorse, laburnum, acacia, rest harrow. 
¢- Rosacee—In many respects like Renunculacee, but wall of ovary is often 
united to calyx. 
Plum, cherry, apple, hawthorn, silver-weed, strawberry, meadowsweet. 
5. Ombellifere—The flowers are all arranged in umbels, that is they are all 
given from the same point, and all the flower stalks are the same length. 
Flowers are usually white and often very small; the ovary is under the other 
parts of the flower. 
Celery, carrot, parsley, hemlock. 
6. Composite—Each apparent flower is a head of flowers. 
Dandelion, coltsfoot, thistle, groundsel, daisy. 
7. Primulacee—Parts of the flower are usually ive. The stamens are often 
on the petals. 
Primrose, cowslip, primula. 
& Labiate—Stems square. Leaves two and opposite. Flowers two-lipped. 
Dead-nettle, mint, sage, thyme, ground-ivy. 
9g. Scrophulariacee—Flowers are very like those of Labiatz, but the mode 
of growth of the plant, as a whole, is very different. 
Flax, veronica, foxglove, snapdragon, rattle. 
MONOCOTYLEDONS. 
1. Orchidacee—The stamen is united with the pistil. 
Bee, fly, bird’s nest, etc. 
2. Amaryllidee—Perianth of six divisions, sometimes with a crown. Ovary 
under the rest of the flower. 
Snowdrop, daffodil. 
3. Lilacee—Perianth usually six divisions, but ovary above the rest of the 
flower. 
Star of Bethlehem, tulip, hyacinth, asparagus, onion. 
