8 MAMMALIA. 
Or the Families may be arranged according to their teeth, 
thus :— : 
I. Teeth well-developed, rooted. Fore-arm constantly prone. 
Toes hoofed. 
Bovide. Stomach for ruminating; toes 4, middle large. 
Equide. Stomach not ruminating ; toes 3, middle large. 
Elephantide. Stomach not ruminating; toes subequal. 
Il. Teeth wanting, or imperfect, rootless. Toes longly clawed. 
Dasypide. Face elongate. 
Bradypidide. Face short. 
Section 1. FurRcIPEDA. 
Two middle toes large, equal; bones of the metacarpus and 
metatarsus united. 
Ungulata, Sect. 1, Gray, Ann. Phil. 1825. 
Isodactyle, part., and Anisodactyle, part., Owen, Odontography, 
1841. 
_ Artiodactyla, part., and Perissodactyla, part., Owen, Quart. Journ. 
Geol. Soc. 1848, 131; Turner, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1849, 158. 
Stereoplia Bisulcia, Rafin. Anal. Nat. 55. 1815. 
Pecora, Sundevall, Kongl. Vet. Akad. Hand. 1844; Pecora, 1848. 
Fam. 1. Bovip&. 
Two middle toes separate. Cutting teeth eight below; upper 
jaw callous; grinders 6°6 in each jaw. Frontal bones produced, 
generally bearing horns, especially im the males. Gullet with two 
long pouches just before the stomach, used for holding and 
soaking the food before it is chewed. Using their head and 
horns in defence. 
Rummantia, Pallas, Zool. Ross. Asiat. 1. 192; Bronn, Ind. 
Paleont. i. 708. 
Q. Ruminantia et Q. Camelinum, Ray, Syn. 60. 1693. 
Bovide, Gray, Ann. Phil. 1825; List Mam. B. Mus. xxvi.; 
Storr. Prod. Mam. 1780; Lesson in Tab. R. A. 167; Fischer, 
Syn. 1828. 
Mam. Pecora, Linn. S. N. ed. 12.1. 90; Latr. Fam. Nat. 62. 
1825; Wagler, N. Syst. Amph. 431. 1830; Hichwald, Zool. 
Spec. ii. 341. 1831. } 
Les Ruminans (Ruminantia), Cuvier, Tab. Elem. 1798; Dum. 
Z. A. 1806; Cuvier, R. A. 1. 246. 1817, ed. 2.1. 254; Desm. 
N. D. H. N. xxiv. 31, 1804; F. Cuvier, 1829; Dent. Mam. 
227; Dict. Sci. Nat. lix. 511. 
