12 MAMMALIA. 
4. Moscutna. Cutting teeth none above. Horns none. Back 
of tarsus bald. 
5. CAMELINA. Cutting teeth 8 above and below. Horns none. 
Hoofs small, compressed. 
Subfamily I. Horns permanent, covered with a permanent 
horny coat or hairy skin. Cutting teeth only in lower jaw; front 
edge of upper jaw callous. Hoofs triangular. 
Tribe 1. Bovina. 
Horns expanded from a smooth horny rudiment into a perma- 
nent horny sheath to the conical process of the frontal bone. 
Bos, Linn. S. N. 
Capra, Ovis et Bos, Linn. S. N. 
Bovide, Selys Longchamps, 1842. 
Bovina, Gray, Ann. Phil. 1825; List Mam. B. M. xxvi. 
Q. Bovinum, Q. Ovinum, et G. "Caprinum, Ray, Syn. 60, 1693. 
Cavicornia, I/liger, Prod. 106, 184. 
Tubicornia, Latr. Fam. Nat. 1825. 
Capride et Bovide, H. Smith, Griffith, A. K. iv. 182. 
Antilopide, Capride et Bovide, Gray, Lond. Med. Rep. xv. 
308, 1821. 
Les Kinoceres ou Rumimants a cornes osseuses (Bos, &c.), Du- 
vernoy, Tab. Anim. Vert. 
Les Ruminans a cornes osseusse, F. Cuv. 1829. 
Antilopiens, Pomet, l. ce. 184. 
Ruminalia Cerynxia, Rafin. Anal. Nat. 56, 1815. 
Pecora Unguligrada Bovicornia, Sundevall, Pecora, 64. 
Fam. Sylvicaprina, esha Antilopina et Caprina, Sundevall, Pe- 
cora, 64. 
Mr. Gray, in his paper “ On the Arrangement of the Hollow- 
horned Ruminants (Bovide)” (Annals 5 Mag. Nat. Hist. 1849, 
xviii. 229), observes, “The systematic arrangement of these 
’ animals has been one of the most difficult subjects for the stu- 
dent of mammalia. 
“ Linneus (Syst. Nat. i. 27), in his last edition of the Sy- 
stema Nature, divides them into three genera according to the 
direction of the horn, which he describes as erect in Capra, re- 
clinate in Ovis, and porrect in Bos, and separates these from 
Cervus because they have tubular, while that genus has solid 
branched and deciduous horns. 
** Gmelin in his edition adds to these the genus Antilope, which _ 
had been established by Pallas, and characterizes that genus as 
having solid horns like the Cervi, but simple and persistent. 
Now I need scarcely observe that these characters will not define 
