14 MAMMALIA. 
for here the Goat and Sheep are said to have the same peculiarity 
as he gives to separate the Antelopes from them. 
“‘ Several authors after this period considered the subgenera 
proposed by De Blainville and Colonel H. Smith as genera, and 
grouped them into families. _ 
** Mr. Ogilby, in a theoretical arrangement of Ruminants, pub- 
lished in the Proceedings of the Zoological Society for 1836, 
divides these animals into two families, characterized thus: Ca- 
pride, ‘muffle none ;’ Bovide, ‘ muffle distinct, naked.’ Of this 
arrangement I need only remark, that he places Ovibos in Ca- 
pride and Bos in Bovide, Kemas or the Jemla Goat in Bovide, 
and Capra in Capride, thus separating into distinct families 
most nearly allied species; while the genus Ivalus, which is a 
sheep or antelope with rudimentary horns, is referred to the fa- 
mily Moschide, and the Gnu is entirely overlooked. I am satis- 
fied, if Mr. Ogilby had attempted to arrange a collection by this 
system, he must have soon abandoned it. 
** Within the last few years Professor Sundevall of Stockholm 
has proposed to arrange these animals according to the form of 
their hoofs, and he has regarded the subgenera of preceding 
authors as genera, and divided them into four families, thus: 
1. Caprina, contaming Ovis, Capra, Nemorhedus and Oreotragus. 
2. Antilopina: Antilope, Dicranoceras and Bubalus. 3. Bovina: 
Oryx, Catoblepas, Ovibos, Bos, Anoa, Portax, Damalis. 4. Syl- 
vicaprina: Hippotragus, Strepsiceros, Cervicapra, Calotragus, 
Nanotragus, Neotragus, Sylvicapra, Tragelaphus and Tetracerus. 
In this arrangement he appears to have overlooked the fact, 
that the hoofs of these animals are modified according to the 
kind of country which the animal is destined to mhabit, and | 
therefore this arrangement is dependent on that single circum- 
stance, and not on the considerations of all the peculiarities of 
the species ; hence the species which inhabit rocky pmnacles, as 
the Thar and Ghoral (Nemorhedus) and Klipspringer (Oreotra- 
gus), are separated from the other Antelopes and placed with the 
Goats, and the large and heavy Antelopes which inhabit the plains, 
as the Oryx, Portax and Damalis, are placed with the Oxen. 
“If this system is fully carried out, the Rein Deer should be 
separated from its allies and placed with the Musk Ox; and I am 
not certain that the Addax Antelope should not be arranged in 
the same group, for it has the same shaped hoofs, the sands of 
the Desert probably requiring the same structure for progression 
as the snow. 
“ After examining all these arrangements, and after repeated 
examinations of the animals, I believe that the form of the horns 
affords the most natural character for subdividing them into 
groups; and I think that if the Antelopes are divided into two. 
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