146 MAMMALIA. 
but sometimes of forty or fifty. If alarmed when feeding, they 
go off at speed with a noise like thunder, but anon halt to gaze_ 
on the intruder, whose shot sends them off agai under the gui- 
dance of an old male, whom they follow blindly. They rut in 
winter, and the female gestates six months, producing one young 
in June or July. They are more dauntless and skilful climbers 
than the Wild Sheep. If they can but touch a rough edge or 
crevice now and then, they will run up nearly perpendicular pre- 
cipices of many feet elevation, and they will stand on a bit of 
rock not larger than one’s palm, looking confidently down over 
sheer space, with not a shrub to break the awful absence of rest 
for the foot. 
“The Jharal breeds with the domestic Goat, and perhaps 
more nearly resembles the ordinary model of the tame than any 
wild species yet known.”—Hodgson, J. A. S. B. iv. 491, 1839. 
** T never could get any progeny from the Goats by the Jharal, 
though my male had commerce with Goats of several breeds re- 
peatedly during the six years he lived with me, quite tame and 
going abroad with the Sheep and Goats.”— Hodgson. 
“In February 1842, a male Jharal in possession of the Court 
of Nepal had intercourse with a female Cervus Axis, which in 
July produced a young hybrid of mixed appearance, but more 
like the mother than the father, which lived and grew up a fine 
animal; I saw it last in October 1843. I note the circumstance 
as a strong corroboration of the affinity of the Hemitragus to the 
Deer, which is indicated by the four teats and moist muzzle.”— 
Hodgson. 
2. KEMAS. 
Nose cervine. Muffle small, moist between the nostrils. 
Horns short, recurved, thick, subquadrangular, flat in front, and 
rounded on the outer side, closely rmged. Interdigital pores and 
suborbital pores none. Hair short, adpressed. Tail . Male 
bearded. Odour like Goats. Female: horns smaller, very like 
male. 
Hemitragus (part.), Gray, Ann. & Mag. N. H. 1846, 230; Sun- 
devall, Pecora, 101. 
Hemitragus, § a, Gray, Knowsley Menag. 31. 
Kemas, part., Ogilby, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1837, 81. 
1. Kemas WarrRYATO. The WARRYATO or JUNGLE KEMAs. 
Brown, yellow grisled. Male: back with a dirty white patch. 
Female paler. Young ashy grey. 
Capra (Ibex) Warryato, Gray, Mag. N. H. x. 267, 1843, dand 9. 
Capra Warryato, Gray, List Mamm. B. M.:168. 
