MAMMALIA. 193 
Ij. The Deer of the Temperate or Warm Regions. Muzzle ta- 
pering, ending in a bald, moist muffle. Fawn (and sometimes 
the adult) spotted. Skull with a moderate nose-hole. Inter- 
maxillaries reaching to the nasal. Tail well developed. Cru- 
men and suborbital pit in skull distinct. The spots of the 
young generally disappear in the adult, or are only to be 
seen when thé animals are in high condition. The fur is 
shorter and brighter in summer, and greyer in winter. 
Deer of Temperate and Warm Regions, Gray, Ann. & Mag. N. 
H. 1850; Knowsley Menag. 
Cervus, Sundevall, Pecora, 54. 
3. The Elaphine Deer. Horns with a distinct anterior basal 
snag close on the crown. Muffle broad, shallow, separated 
from the upper lip by a hairy band, with only a narrow in- 
terruption in front. External metatarsal gland above the 
middle of the bone. Skull with a large, deep suborbital pit. 
Elaphine Deer, Gray, Ann. § Mag. N. H.1850; Knows. Menag. 
Catoglochis (part.), Bravard, Foss. du Dome. 
Cervus § 1. (C. Veteris orbis), Swndevall, Pecora, 54. 
Elaphide, J. Brookes, Mus. Cat. 61, 1828. 
1. CERVUS. 
Horns round, erect, with an anterior basal snag, a medial an- 
terior snag, with the apex divided mto one or more branches, 
according to the age of the animal. Crumen well-developed. 
Hoofs narrow, triangular, compressed, covered with brittle, opake 
hair. The rump is generally ornamented with a pale mark. Skull 
with a large, deep suborbital pit. Horns with one or two branches 
on the middle of the front of the beam. 
Cervus (§ 4. Elaphus), H. Smith, Griffith A. K.v. . 1827; in 
Fischer, Syn. 612; Lesson, Mamm. 1. 262; N. Tab. R. A. 169. 
Cervus (Elaphus), Ogilby, P. Z. S. 1836, 135. 
Cervus § 1. a. (C. nobilis), Sundevall, Pecora, 55. 
Cerfs, Blainv. Desm. Mamm. ii. 448, 1822. 
Elaphus, J. Brookes, Cat. Mus. 61. 
a. Hoofs rather broad, semicircular. Tail very short. Hair in 
winter soft. America. STRONGYLOCEROS. 
1. Cervus CANADENSIS. The WAPITI. 
Red brown. Rump with a very large, pale disk extending far 
above the base of the tail, and with a black streak on each side 
I 
