MAMMALIA. 271 
of the back, the front of the haunches and thigh and the under 
part of the body are paler. The figure represents but a very in- 
distinct cross band on the shoulder. 
On this Pallas observes, “ L’étalon différait encore de la fe- 
melle en ce qu’il avait tout le corps plus robuste, Pencolure plus 
grosse, la poitrail et la croupe plus large, et surtout par un barre 
ou raye transyersale (tab. xi.), qui croisait sur les épaules avec 
celle qui s’étend de long de l’épine dans lun et lautre sexe. 
C’est cette croix que la plupart des 4nes domestiques males ont 
conservés, et qui embellit surtout ceux qui ont la couleur du 
poil claire. Cette barre transversale bien plus étroite que l’autre 
manque entiérement aux Onagres femelles: quelques Tartares 
m’ont au contraire assureés qu’elle se voyait assez souvent double 
dans les males.” (/. c. 269.) 
This paper is translated into German, and a copy of the plates 
with a second figure of the back of the animal is given in Pallas, 
N. Nord. Beytr. ii. 22, t. 2; but in this figure the cross band 
on the shoulders is not marked. From this description it 
would appear that the animal which is called the Wild Ass is not 
always marked with the cross band on the shoulder which is so 
permanent in the domestic kind, and has hitherto been consi- 
dered as its specific character. 
The chief difference between Pallas’s figure of the Wild Ass 
and the Hemione is the greater length and more acute form of 
the ears; of the latter the mule varies in this character. 
“ No attempt has been made to break the Wild Ass (of Rajpoot- 
ana) in for riding, nor did it appear that the natives ever thought 
of such.”—Bishop Heber.—H. Smith, Equide, 31}. 
“The Wild Ass of Cutch has the cross stripe on the shoulder, 
and differs in colours and heavier proportion from the Wild Ass 
of Kerr Porter.” —Bishop Heber.—H. Smith, Equide, 311. 
Col. Ham. Smith confounds the domesticated Gudha with the 
Wild Ass of the Deccan described by Colonel Sykes, and states 
on the Colonel’s authority that “it is not larger than a mastiff.” 
—Equide, 307. 
Eversmann states that many specimens of the Kulan or Equus 
Onager, Pallas, have been brought to Orenburg from the high 
steppes between the Caspian and the Aral seas. A good speci- 
men and a skull are in the Museum of the University of Kassan. 
All these specimens are without the cross band, and have only 
the longitudinal dorsal streak. LEversmann considers that the 
cross band is either not the character of the species, or perhaps 
a sexual mark, as he observes that he is not able to discover the 
specific character which separates the E. Hemionus from the E. 
Onager. He further observes that the Mongolians have no par- 
ticular name for the E. Onager of Pallas; the Tartars no name 
