MEMOIRS OF THE NEW YORK BOTANICAL GARDEN. I3 



Later Batalin^^ combated the self-nutrition of leaves as formulated 

 by Kraus, and held that chlorophyl plays no direct part in the develop- 

 ment of the leaf, this organ being able to carry on growth as long as it 

 was furnished food. He upheld his former contention that the small 

 size of etiolated leaves is due to their inability to carry on cell division 

 in darkness. He also called attention to the mistaken statement of 

 Weiss ^^ that etiolated leaves have the same number of stomata as 

 normal leaves. 



Famintzin ^^ carried out some experiments in an effort to analyze 

 the growth of algae in light and darkness, and found that cell- 

 division ensued almost wholly in light. His claim that this relation 

 of light to division is not due to nutritive conditions, rests chiefly 

 upon a series of tests in which filaments of Spirogyra were exposed 

 to light until the cells were loaded with starch, then some were con- 

 tinued in light and others were placed in darkness. In such instances 

 the greatest multiplication was shown by the illuminated filaments. 

 Karsten's ^^ tests showed a greater proportion of cellulose in etiolated 

 specimens than in the normal, or an actual amount about equal to 

 the normal. 



Prantl " investigated the relation of light to growth in Sach's 

 laboratory and by measurement of the number and size of cells 

 in etiolated, and embryonic normal leaves, concluded that cell 

 division does ensue in etiolated organs of this character. In 

 addition to a re-statement of some of Sachs' conclusions regarding 

 influence of light upon growth, he also repeats the assertion of 

 Sachs that etiolated leaves are in a pathological condition, due 

 to the lack of the specific substances necessary for their proper 

 nutrition. 



3'Bitalin, A. Ueber die Wirkung des Lichtes auf die Entwickelung der Blatter. 

 Bot. Zeitung, 29: 669. iSyi. 



38 Weiss, A. Untersuchungen ueber die Zahlen und Grossenverhaltnisse der Spal- 

 toffnungen. Jahrb. f . Wiss. Bot. 4 : 125. 1865-1866. 



39 Famintzin, A. Die Wirkung des Lichtes auf Algen und einige andere ihnen 

 nahe verwandte Organismen. Jahrb. f. wiss. Bot. 6 : i. 1867. 



Famintzin, A. Die Wirkung des Lichts auf das Wachsen keimenden Kresse. 

 Mem. Acad. St. Petersb. 8: p. 13. No. 15. 1865. 



^^Karsten, H. Vergleichenden Untersuchungen von in Lichte und Dunkeln gezo- 

 genen Pflanzen. Der Chem. Ackersman. No. 3. 1870. 



Karsten, H. Die Einwirkung des Lichtes auf das jWachstum der Pflanzen beo- 

 bachtet bei Keimung der Schminkbohnen. Inaug. Diss. Jena. 1S70. 



«' Prantl, K. Ueber den Einfluss des Lichtes auf das Wachstum der Blatter. Arb. 

 a. d. Bot. Inst. Wiirzburg, i : 371. 1873. 



