30 MEMOIRS OF THE NEW YORK BOTANICAL GARDEN. 



and of the contents of the epidermal cells. The enzymes appear to 

 absorb some of the radiations, but no conclusion is reached as to the 

 fate of the energy transformed. 



Grantz^"" reinvestigated the relations of fungi to light in 1898. 

 Pilobolus formed sterile sporophores in darkness, and the same reac- 

 tion in other fungi is cited. Etiolated sporophores of Pilobolus 

 might produce spores if given only fifteen minutes' exposure to light. 

 Grantz suggests that the etiolation phenomena of fungi are, in fact, 

 reactions to the specific stimulations of light or darkness, and that 

 various correlations are exhibited in these reactions. 



A practical confirmation of the conclusions of Jost, MacDougal 

 and others as to the ability of leaves to develop in darkness was 

 made by Vogt,^"^ who found that this might occur when these organs 

 were relieved of competition with concurrent members. Similar 

 behavior in atmospheres lacking carbon dioxide was observed, 

 although the duration of the leaf under the latter condition was 

 very limited. Illumination of etiolated seedlings was followed by 

 the attainment of larger size than normal seedlings of the same 

 age. 



A general repetition of etiolation tests by Teodoresco,^''^ in which 

 entire plants were deprived of illumination, and in other instances 

 branches were thrust into dark chambers gave some interesting 

 results. Leaves borne on such branches always attained a greater 

 size than those on entirely etiolated specimens. The number of 

 stomata per unit of surface was smaller, however. The normal 

 wavy outlines of epidermal cells in leaves unsually lacking in 

 wholly etiolated plants were present to some degree in these etio- 

 lated branches, in which also the mechanical properties of the 

 tissues were more nearly normal than in entire etiolations, in ligni- 

 fication and thickening of the walls. Solanum tuberoswn, Atriplex 

 hortenst's, Faba vulgaris^ Helianthus tuberosus, Hiinmlus Luptilus, 

 Phaseoliis multr/lorus, Cucurbita Pepo, Chenopodmm album, Aster 

 patulus. Cannabis saliva, and Saponaria officinalis were used in these 



'05 Grantz, T. Ueber den Einfluss des Lichtes aut" die Entwickelung einiger Pilze. 

 1898. 



lOT-Vogt, C. Ueber Abhangigkeit des Laubblattes von seiner Assimilationsthatig- 

 keit. Inaug. Diss. Erlangen. 1S98. 



'08 Teodoresco, E. C. Action indirecte de la lumiere sur la tige et les feuilles. Rev. 

 Gen. d. Bot. H : 369, 430. 1899. 



Teodoresco, E. C. Influence des differentes radiations lumineuses sur la form et 

 la structure des plantes. Ann. Sc. Nat. Bot. VIII. 10 : 141-164. 1S99. 



