128 MEMOIRS OF THE NEW YORK BOTANICAL GARDEN. 



were not so great, as if these elements had taken on mechanical as well 

 as conductive functions. The xylem offered as many vessels as in the 

 normal, but these did not reach the size of the normal, and a notice- 

 able lack of development of the intravascular parenchyma was to be 

 seen. Extremely large intercellular spaces were to be seen in the 

 pith of the etiolated stems. The cambium cylinder, composed of 



C 



■D 

 ■E 



•F 



Fig. 84. Menispermum Canadense. Partial transverse section of etiolated stem- 

 Description as in Fig. 83. 



two or three layers in both normal and etiolated stems, appeared to 

 form a continuous cylinder in the etiolated stem, but was interrupted 

 by the heavy rays in the normal. 



This vine behaves in accordance with Sachs' conclusions that 

 vines are etiolated stems, but the lack of development is probably 

 due to lack of nutrition. Twining was not observed in any of the 

 stems of the numerous cultures. Many of the rhizomes were alive 

 after the first growth in darkness, but cultural conditions did not per- 

 mit a second growth. 



Narcissus Tazetta L. 



A large number of etiolations were made of Narcissus from bulbs 

 obtained from dealers during the period 1896— 1902. Bulbs of N. 



