PELICANS, CORMORANTS, AND PETRELS. 257 
Susquehanna, but is reported now by Dr. Warren to 
occur in Pennsylvania only on the lake-shore in Erie 
County. Dr. Turnbull says they are ‘ 
however, pass along the coast to winter farther south. 
As the cormorant feeds almost exclusively on fish, 
if not quite so, it is necessarily an expert swimmer 
Share; silaty, 
and diver. It can remain a long time, too, under 
water. ‘“ The activity the bird displays under water 
is almost incredible to those who have not seen its 
performances, and in a shallow river scarcely a fish 
escapes its keen eyes and sudden turns, except by 
taking refuge under a stone or root, or in the mud 
that may be stirred up during the operation, and so 
avoiding observation.” 
This bird builds a conical nest of sticks with a de- 
pression at the top. In some localities this and the 
preceding are found nesting in the same place. They 
choose cliff-sides, surfaces of rocky islands, and some- 
times trees. They are soon fouled by the excre- 
ment of the birds, and with the ground immediately 
surrounding “ generally look as though bespattered 
with whitewash.” 
Moseley, in ‘‘ Naturalist on the ‘ Challenger,’” gives 
the following amusing anecdote of a species of cormo- 
rant he saw in the South Pacific at Kerguelen Land. 
” 
«« An idea of the relations of the various birds to one another in 
the struggle for existence will be gained from the following incident : 
I saw a cormorant rise to the surface of the water, and lifting its 
head, make desperate efforts to gorge a small fish which it had caught, 
evidently knowing its danger, and in a fearful hurry to get it down. 
Before it could swallow its prey, down came a gull, snatched the fish 
after a light struggle, and carried it off to the rocks on the shore. 
Here a lot of other gulls immediately began to assert their right toa 
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