THE GYMNOTID EELS OF TROPICAL AMERICA. 157 
Ground-color brownish gray to light yellow; body rather uniformly colored with 
minute dark brown dots, which are most abundant dorsally; fins hyaline, except 
the origin of the caudal and the outer edge of the extreme caudal portion of the 
anal; these regions smoky. 
This species is found in the Orinoco, the Madeira, and Amazon. 
GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION. 
The Gymnotide are restricted to the fresh-water of portions of Central and 
South America. They range from the Rio Motagua;in Guatemala to the Rio 
de la Plata, east of the Andes. They are also found on the western coast of Col- 
ombia and Ecuador. The distribution of this family is given in the table according 
to river-systems. The “Lower”? Amazon includes the main Amazon stream up 
to Manaos, the Rios Tapajos, Xingu, Tocantins and their tributaries; the “‘ Middle” 
Amazon is applied to the Amazon stream from Manaos to the mouth of the I¢a, 
Rio Negro, Jurua, and their tributaries. The Rio Madeira, although a part of 
the Lower Amazon system, is considered separately, as it is through this river and 
its branches that the Amazon fauna has probably reached the Paraguay-Parana. 
Species. 
| Central America. | 
West Indies. 
| Rio Magdalena. 
Rio Orinoco. 
Guianas. 
cayale, 
Amazon. 
Ecuador, 
Middle Amazon, | 
Marajion, 
Upper Amazon. 
Rio U 
Peruvian 
West Coast. 
Brazil, North Coast.| 
Rio San Francisco 
-|Uruguay and Brazil 
Southeast Coast. 
Rio Madeira, 
Rio Paraguay. 
Rio Parana. 
Rio de la Plata. 
SENIMOTNPWNE 
. Electrophorus electricus (Linn.)............. 
. Gymnotus carapo Linn 
. Sternopygus macrurus (B. and §.).......... 
. Sternopygus obtusirostris Steind 
. EHigenmannia macrops (Boulenger) 
. Higenmannia virescens (Val.).............. 
. Eigenmannia troscheli (Kaup) 
. Steatogenys elegans (Steindachner) 
. Hypopomus brevirostris (Steind.)........... 
. Hypopomus artedi (Kaup) 
. Rhamphichthys rostratus (Linn.)............ 
. Gymnorhamphichthys hypostomus Ellis 
. Sternarchorhynchus oxyrhynchus (M. and T.) 
. Sternarchorhamphus miilleri (Steind.)....... 
. Sternarchorhamphus macrostomus (Giinther) .| 
. Orthosternarchus tamandua (Boulenger) 
. Sternarchus albifrons (Linn.)............-- 
. Sternarchus brasiliensis Reinhardt....... | 
. Sternarchus leptorhynchus Ellis............. 
. Sternarchus hasemani Ellis................ 
. Sternarchus bonaparti Castelnau........... 
. Sternarchella schotti (Steind.).............. 
. Sternarchella balenops (Cope) | 
. Porotergus gymnotus Ellis................- 
. Porotergus gimbeli Ellis 
. Sternarchogiton natterert (Steind.).......... | 
. Adontosternarchus sachsi (Peters).........- 
x 
x 
x 
x 
x 
x xX 
x XX | 
SOE Or 
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Pe ve | Lower Amazon, 
Son 
x 
x XX Se | 
xX 
x 
Ce 
xX 
x 
x X 
x | 
4 8 
SSIS 
xx 
xx 
KKXXKX XX XXX 
xX 
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