48 Cretaceous. 



garis, novv /. vulgaris, Crassatella vadosa, Pholadomya occidentalism 

 Trigunia thoracica, Venilia conradi, now Veniella conradi, 

 Terehratula jloridana^ Serpula barbata, Ifaniulus onyx, Cassidulus 

 oiquoreus, Clypeaster geometricus, Flustra sagena, now Pliophloia 

 sagena, Eschara digitata, Alveolites cainilaris, Turbinolia inauris and 

 Gryphoia pitcheri. The latter species was collected by Dr. Z. Pitcher, 

 on the Kiamechia, a stream which empties into the Red river, u few 

 miles above Fort Towson, when on a tour with a small military force, 

 marking out a road from P^'ort Smith to Fort Towson. Dr. Pitcher and 

 M.Jules Marcou referred the rocks to the Jurassic, and Marcou claims 

 that the upecies is distinct from that which abounds in the Cretaceous 

 of Texas, and farther west which is now so universally referred to this 

 species. The weight of authority, howe/er, is in favor of the identity 

 of the fossils, and the Cretaceous age of the specimens described by Dr. 

 Morton. 



In 1835, in an appendix to his Synopsis of Organic Remains, he 

 separated the Cretaceous into upper, middle and lower divisions. In 

 the upper division he placed the Cretaceous of South Carolina, and 

 the Nummulite, or Orbitoides limestone of Alabama, which has since 

 been regarded as of Eocene age. The middle division is partially 

 seen at Wilmington, North Carolina, and to a considerable extent in 

 New Jersey. The lower division embraces the vast Ferruginous strata 

 of the Atlantic and Southern States. He enumerated the fossil species 

 which he regarded as most characteristic of these divisions, and de- 

 scribed Plagiostoma echinatum, now Spondy his echinatus. 



In 1834, Dr. Harlan described* Ichthyosaurus missuriensis, now 

 Mosasaurus missuriensis. 



In 1836, Dr. Dekay describedf Geosaurus mitchelli, now Liodon 

 mitcheUi. 



In 1838, Prof. Bronn described,;); from the green sand, Jlosasaurus 

 dekay i. 



In 1840, Prof. Henry Rogers§ divided the Cretaceous, which is ex- 

 posed in the southern half of New Jersey, northwest of a gentle undu- 

 lating line, drawn from Shark Inlet, on the Atlantic coast, to Salem, 

 into five separate beds, in ascending order, as follows: 



First. — A group of sands and clays, of several colors, and of some- 

 what variable constitution, but frequently of extreme whiteness and 



* Trans. Am. Phil. Soc, vol. 4. 

 t Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist. N. Y., vol. 3. 

 I Lethaea Geognostiea. 

 § Geo. of New Jersey. 



