Mesozoic and Camozotc Geology and Palceontology. 51 



greensa,nd, Gavialis neoccesariensis, now Thoracosaurus neoccesarien- 

 sis. 



In 1843, Prof. Mather* ascertained that beneath the drift, and above 

 the New Red Sandstone, there exists a deposit of sand, clay, gravel and 

 pebbles, on the Island of New York, Staten Island, Long Island and 

 Gardener's, Plum, Shelter, Governor's and Bellow's Islands, which he 

 referred to the Cretaceons. Sections furnished b\^ the digging of wells 

 indicated a thickness of 80 or 90 feet. He also regarded the exposure 

 of trappean rocks in Rockland and Richmond counties, New York, as 

 more recent than the New Red Sandstone. 



In 1844, Dr. Mortonf described, from New Jersey, Crocodilm cla- 

 virostris. And Dr. Robert W. Gibbes, from the greensand near the 

 Santee canal, about 3 miles from Cooper river, in South Carolina, Doru- 

 don serratus, now Tfioracosaurus veoccusariensis 



In 1845,+ Lyell and Sowerby described, from Timber creek. New 

 Jersey, Ostrea subspatulata, Lyell and Forbes described Lima reticul- 

 ata, Terebratula vanuxemi, now Terebratella vanuxemi, Bulla mor- 

 <on*, and William Lonsdale described Jrfmonea contortilis, Tuhulipora 

 megcera, now Filifascigera megwra, and Cellepora tubulata. 



Goldfuss described! Ifosasaurus maximiliani, now 31. missuriensis. 



In 1846, Dr. Ferdinand Roemer|| ascertained the character of the 

 Cretaceous rocks of Texas, and compared them with the chalk of 

 Europe, and greensand of New Jersey', and claimed that the}^ repre- 

 sented the upper part of the Cretaceous formation. He mentioned their 

 occurrence at New Braunfels, and ranging very far on both sides of 

 the Guadaloupe, and everywhere parallel to the chain of high hills 

 which separate the Indian country from the settled part of Texas. He 

 followed them as far as Austin on the Colorado, and collected fossils 

 in them at San Antonio, and on the Pedernales river. East of a line 

 drawn through San Antonio, New Braunfels and Austin, the surface is 

 covered with strata more recent than the Cretaceous; it is generally 

 composed of a thick diluvium of loose materials, consisting either of 

 a fertile vegetable mould, or of rounded pieces of hydrate of iron, or of 

 sand and gravel. 



In 1848,^ he stated that an ideal line, drawn from Presidio de Rio 

 Grande, on the Rio Grande, in a N. E. direction, and crossing the San 



* Geo. Sur. X. Y. t Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 



X Quar. Jour. Geo- Soo-, vol. 1. 



g Act. Nov. Leop. Caes. Nat. Cur. 



II Am. Jour. Sci. and Arts, 2d ser , vcl. 1. 



H Am. Jour. Sei. and Arts, 2d ser, vol, 6. 



