Mesozoic and Ccenozoic Geology and Palceontology. 67 



from the vallej'' of Mackenzie's 'R'wer, Arnmonites, barnstoni; and J.. 

 billings i. 



Prof. Leo. Lesquereiix* described, from Vancouver's Island, and Bell- 

 iugham Ba^-, Populus rhomboidea^ Salix islandicus. Quercus benzoin, 

 Q. multinervis ^ Q. evansi, Q. gaudini, Q. platinervis, Planera dubiat 

 Cinnamomum heeri^ now Daphnogene heeri, Persoonia oviformis, and 

 Diospyros lancifolia. 



In 1860, Dr. B. F. Shumardf subdivided the Cretaceous strata of 

 Texas in descending order, as follows: 1. Caprina limestone, having a 

 thickness of 60 feet, and consisting of a yellowish white limestone, 

 usually massive, sometimes of a final}' granular structure, and some- 

 times made up of rather coarse, subcr^'stalline grains, cemented with a 

 chalk}' paste. It has an extended geographical range. 2d. The Co- 

 manche Peak Group, having a thickness of 300 to 400 feet, and made 

 up of soft, yellowish and whitish chalkj^ limestone, and buff and cream- 

 colored limestones of greater or less compactness, being highly fossilif- 

 erous, and having a great geograpliical extension. 3. The Austin 

 limestone and fish bed, having a thickness fiom 100 to 120 feet. The 

 Austin limestone consists ot cream-colored and bluish earthy limestones, 

 and the fish beds of shaly layers of dark-bluish-gra}'^ calcareous sand- 

 stone. This is supposed to represent Nos. 4 and 5 of the Nebraska 

 section, by Meek & Hayden. 4. Exogyra arietina marl, having a thick- 

 ness of 60 feet, and consisting of an indurated- blue and 3'ellow marl 

 with occasional bands of gray limestone, and thin seams of selenite in- 

 terstratified. 5. Washita limestone, having a thickness from 100 to 

 120 teet, a wide geographical range, and consisting of white, yellow, 

 gray and blue limestones, some of which are moderately hard, and 

 others disintegrate rapidly. This is supposed to be parallel with the 

 lower pai't of No. 3 of the Nebraska section, by Meek and Haj'den. 

 6. Blue marl, having a thickness of 50 feet, and consisting of an in- 

 durated arenaceous marl, of a schistose structure, with small nodules 

 of iron pyrites and irregular masses of lignite disseminated through 

 it. It is not observed south of Grayson county, and is supposed to 

 correspond with No 2 of the Nebraska section. 7. Caprotina lime- 

 stone, having a thickness of 55 feet, and forming the basis of what is 

 called the Upper Cretaceous Group. It is composed of light gray and 

 yellowish gray earthy limestone, with intercalated bands of yellow 

 marl and sometimes flint, and is exposed at the base of the hills near 

 Comanche Peak, and underlying the Washita limestone near the Colo- 



* Amer. Jour. Sci. and Arts, 2d Series, vol 27. 

 t Trans. St. Louis Acad. Sci., vol. 1. 



