Mesozoic and Ccenozoic Geology and Palaeontology. 203 



Pecten fraternus., Busy con tritonis, Melampus longidens, llactra me- 

 dialis, Astarte bella, A virginica, Lirophora athleta, Dione densata, 

 and D. virginiana ; from Calvert cliffs, and St. Mar3''s connt}^, Mai-y- 

 land, Surcula rugata^ Bidliopsis marylandica, B. ovata, Asfyris com- 

 munis, A. avara, var. gramdifera, and Busycon alveatum ; from South 

 Carolina, Anomalocardia trigintinaria ; from North Carolina, Den- 

 talium caj'oUnense, Pecten edgecomensis., JSToetia caroUnensis, Dactyl- 

 ics carolinensis, now Oliva cai'olinensis, and 8iliquaria caroUnensis; 

 from Cumberland count}^ New Jersej'^, Turritella oiquistriata, T. cum- 

 herlandia, Saxicava, mywformis, Carditamera aculeata, and Astarte 

 distans ; from California, Lyropecten crassicardo ; and from the 

 Eocene, at Enterprise, Clark county, Mississippi, Crassatella producta. 



Wm, Stimpson described, from the Post-pliocene at Cape Hope, on the 

 southeast side of Hudson's bay. Cardium daxosoni. 



Along Lake Temiscamaug, * the Ottawa river and Riviere Rouge, 

 north of the Ottawa, the furrows conform in a general way to the di- 

 rections of the river- valle3"s, the limits of which appear to have guided 

 the moving masses which produced the grooves. The direction of the 

 grooves at a single locality' is not onlj' not uniform, but, on the contrar}^, 

 they frequently cross each other. Measurements taken at 145 differ- 

 ent places in Canada show that there is no uniformit}' in the direction 

 of the striae, but as in these cases they vary from S. 80° E, to S. 70° W. 



Bowlders are found in great abundance in many places, especially in 

 the vallej^s, where the bowlder formation has been extensively denuded 

 by the action of the water, and its lighter materials swept awaj'. On 

 elevations, they are often seen resting upon the un stratified drift, which, 

 in the adjacent depressions of the surface, is covered over by strati- 

 fied sand and clay. They appear, in most instances, to have traveled 

 southward, but there are exceptions to this general rule. Thus in the 

 count}' of Rimonski, in the valle}^ of the Neigette river, there are large 

 bowlders of limestone, one of them 40 feet in diameter, belonging to the 

 Gaspe series, which have been moved several miles northward or north- 

 eastward. Farther down the valley of the St. Lawrence, blocks of 

 trachytic granite have been carried northeastward from the Table- 

 topped mountain down the valley of the Magdalen. There are also 

 instances of the northward transportation of bowlders in Nova Scotia. 



The vallej^s of the St. Lawrence and the Richelieu, in Canada East, 

 and a considerable portion of the region between the St. Lawrence and 



* Geo. of Canada, 1863. 



