Mesozoic and Ccenozoic Geology and Palceontology. 261 



ding through them, or exposed in the river vallej^s where they have 

 been cut awa}-, extend from the lower portion of the Chilcotiu river 

 westward to that part of the Chilanco due south of Puntz lake; on the 

 Chilco, to a point a few miles west of the 104th meridian, and on the 

 Chilcotin itself, ma}' stretch to Chizicut lake, and thence extend north- 

 eastward, their boundary' nearly- following the Clusco river for some 

 distance. The}' characterize the greater part of the Nazco valley, and 

 the plateau extending east and west from it, and probably reach the 

 western slope of the I'ange of hills crossing the Blackwater at the upper 

 canon. The rocks exhibited in these flows are usually true basalts or 

 dolerites of various textures, and from iron -gray to dark greenish 

 and nearly black colors, and often contain rnucb olivine. The vesicles 

 are comparatively seldom filled with infiltrated minerals, though near 

 the sources of the Nazco they are almost invariably so, the material 

 being pale chalcedony, passing over in some instances to chi-ysopraze. 

 In this vicinity, and near Cinderella mountain, some beds are wacke- 

 like and scoriaceous; and the soil of the water shed region between the 

 Nazco and Bae-zae coh. on the Cluscus trail, seems to be almost entire- 

 ly composed of fine rusty pumiceus fragments. 



Samuel H. Scudder described, from a very fine grayish and greenish- 

 white fire-clay, in thin layers, with coniferous and angiospermous 

 leaves and seeds, SJ inches thick, which is superimposed upon a two- 

 inch layer of carbonaceous clay, or impure lignite or matted leaves, 

 mingled with cla}-, and succeeded by 36 feet of sands and clays, 

 at Quesnel, the following insect remains, to-wit: Formica ai'cana, 

 Hypoclinia ohliterata, Ajyhamogaste?' longmva, Pimpla decessa, P. 

 saxea, P. seuecta, Calyjjtites antediluviamim^ Boletina sepulta., 

 Brachypeza abita, B. procera^ Trichonta dawsoni^ Anthomyia inani- 

 mata, A. burgessi, Heteromyza senilis, Sciomyza revelata, Lilhortalis 

 picta, LonchoRci senescens, Palloptera morticina, Prometopia depili.^ 

 and Lachnus petrorum. 



Robert Bell, in his report on an exploration between James bay and 

 lakes Superior and Huron, says, that in the region about the height 

 of land, at the head of the east branch of the Montreal I'iver, the lower 

 levels are filled with great mounds and steep ridges of gravel and 

 cobble-stones. The valley of this river, for some miles before it joins 

 the main stream, is also covered with similar materials. The first 

 limestone pebbles were observed on the Mattagami, 24 miles below 

 Kenogamisse Lake. Along the Missinibi river, for many miles above 

 its junction with the Mattagami, a blue clay, only occasionally holding 



