308 Tertiary. 



very coarse, although an individual bowlder ma}- occur here and there 

 amongst it, and it is chiefly derived from the rocks of the Laurentian 

 series. The height of the first chute above the sea, is 265 feet; the 

 second chute, 348 feet;, the fourth chute, including its fall of 39 feet, 

 432 feet; Round lake, 520 feet, or nearly- 60 feet below Lake Huron. 



Sand is extensively distributed over the plains of the Bonnechere, 

 and over a large portion of the area between it and the vallej' of the 

 Madawaska. Most of the valley of the Little Madawaska is covered 

 with sand on either side, and the country between its head waters and 

 Lake Kamaniskiak is one continuous sandy plain. The height of land 

 in passing over the portage to the Madawaska is 968 feet abuve the 

 sea, and Lake Kamaniskiak is 906 feet above the level of the sea. No 

 organic remains have been detected in any of these drift deposits. 



He, afterward,* surveyed the valle}' of the Meganatawan river and 

 part of the coast or Lake Nipissing. Stratified clay was found on the 

 banks of the Meganatwan, abova the second long rapids, east of Doe 

 lake. The color is a brownish drab; it is very tenacious, and does 

 not effervesce with acids. The highest exposure is a little over 1,000 

 feet above the l^el of the sea. A fine, stronglj- tenacious cla}' occurs 

 on the Nahmanitigong near the main elbow, where the upward course 

 of the river turns to the south at an elevation of 710 feet above the sea. 

 The color of the clay is chiefly pale drab or buff, but bands of reddish 

 clay are interstratified and some of pale blue overlie the whole. The 

 clays of the interior are usuall}^ overlaid by a deposit of coarse yellow 

 sand. Among the bowlders on Lake Nipissing, many were observed to 

 be of a slate conglomerate like that of the Huronian series, and they 

 were frequentl}" of very great size. 



In the succeeding 3'earf he explored portions of the Huron and wes- 

 tern districts of the Province of Canada, and found that the course of 

 the currents which had borne along the drift was from northwest to 

 southeast. This is indicated by the pebbles and bowlders of metamor- 

 phic rocks which were clearly derived from the Laurentian and Huron- 

 ian formations on the north shore of Lake Huron, and by the character 

 of the fossiliferous rocks and pebbles which have been moved a shorter 

 distance, and by the grooves and scratches which invariabl}' have a 

 bearing from the northwest to the southeast. 



He, afterward,;); made a survej^ north of Lake Huron, where he found 



* Geo. Sur. of Canada., Rep. of Prog., 1854. 

 f Rep. of Prog, for 1855. 

 \ Rep. of Prog, for 1856. 



