Contents. 3 



from St. Thomas to Halifax, d^ — The Gulf Stream a branch of the North 

 Atlantic Equatorial Current, 65 — Parallelism between the Gulf Stream and 

 the Kuro-Siwo Current, 66 — Area of Alternate Streaks of Warm and Cold 

 Water between Halifax and Bermudas, 67 — Section between Cape May 

 and Madeira, 69 — Temperature of the Gulf Stream, 71 — Cold Current off 

 the Azores, 72— The Sargasso Sea, 73 — Section from Madeira to Tristan 

 d'Acunha, 74 — The Equatorial Belt, 75 — Cold Under-Current across the 

 Equator, 77 — Isothermal and Isobathymetrical Lines, 79 — Section from 

 Cape Palmas to Cape S. Roque, 80 — Contrast between the Eastern and 

 Western Basin of the South Atlantic, 81 — Section between Cape S. Roque 

 and Tristan d'Acunha, 81 — -Section from the Falkland Islands to the Cape 

 of Good Hope, 83 — The Antarctic Under-Current of the South Atlantic, 85 

 — The Equatorial Current of the South Atlantic, 86 — The Antarctic Surface- 

 Current, 86. 



CHAPTER V. 



THE TEMPERATURE SECTIONS SURVEYED BY H.M.S. "CHALLENGER" IN THE 

 SOUTHERN OCEAN, THE INDIAN ARCHIPELAGO, AND THE PACIFIC. 



Section from the Cape of Good Hope to the Ice-barrier and to Melbourne, 88 — 

 The Agulhas Current, 89 — Sudden Changes of Temperature in Simons 

 Bay and Table Bay, 91 — Encounter of Warm and Cold Currents off the 

 Cape of Good Hope, 93 — Icebergs in the Southern Ocean, 95 — The South 

 Australian Current, 96 — Section from Sydney to Cook Strait, New Zealand, 

 and from Cook Strait to Tonga Tabu, 97 — The Basin between Australia 

 and New Zealand, 99 — Sections from Tonga Tabu to Torres Strait, 100 — 

 The Melanesian Sea, 101 — Conclusions derived from the Temperature 

 Conditions of the latter, 103 — Sections from Torres Strait to Hong-kong, and 

 from Hong-kong to the Admiralty Islands, 104 — The Arafura Sea, 104 — 

 Existence of a Deep Channel between the Papua-Australian Plateau and 

 the Plateau of the Indian Archipelago, 105 — The Banda Sea, 105 — 

 The Molucca Passage, 107 — The Sea of Celebes, 107 — The Sulu Sea, 

 107 — The Philippine Inland Seas, 108 — The China Sea, 108 — The Sea of 

 Papua, 108 — Section from the Admiralty Islands to Japan, 109 — The 

 Sea of Magallanes, 109 — The Kuro-Siwo Current and the Gulf Stream 

 compared, iii — The Arctic Current of the North Pacific, 113— Area of 

 Alternate Streaks of Warm and Cold Water south of Japan, 115 — Section 

 from Yokohama to Station 253, 115 — The Kuro-Siwo Current and 



