CHAP. XIII. 



CONI'FEU^:. PlV'US. 



2239 



lina, which is covered to the distance of five or six miles 

 with loblolly pines." (Mickx.) P. Tse^da was intro- 

 duced into England before 1713, by Bishop Compton; 

 and there are fine specimens of the tree at Syon, Kew, 

 and more especially at Pain's Hill. Of one of the trees 

 at Syon, and of one of those at Pain's Hill (the latter, 

 doubtless, the handsomest tree of the species in Eu- 

 rope), portraits are given in our last Volume. As seeds 

 are easily procured from New York, the species is not 

 uncommon in the London nurseries ; and it is more fre- 

 quent in collections than most other American pines. It 

 grows freely in the neighbourhood of Paris, and ripens ^ 

 cones there ; it also stands the open air in the south of 

 Germany, and as far north as Berlin. 



Properties and Uses. The wood, as already observed, 

 is porous, and not very durable ; though the fineness of 

 its grain, and consequently its durability, vary accord- 

 ing to the soil on which it is grown. In some parts of 

 Virginia, three fourths of the houses are built with logs 

 of this pine ; and it is there even used for laying the 

 ground floors, instead of the yellow pine (P. mitis). 

 These floors are formed of boards only 4 in. wide ; and, 

 though they are strongly nailed, they soon shrink, and 

 become uneven ; a result which does not take place when 

 the long-leaved pine (P. australis) is used ; the concen- 

 tric circles of which, Michaux observes, are twelve 

 times as numerous in the same space as those of P. 

 Tee^da. On the' whole, the wood of this latter tree is 

 little esteemed in America for its timber; but it afibrds 

 turpentine in abundance, though in a less fluid state 

 than that of the long-leaved pine. Michaux suggests the idea of trying it along 

 with the pinaster on the plains of Bordeaux, and employing it for the same 

 purposes as that tree. 



statistics. There is a tree at Syon 75 ft. high : one at Kew between 40 ft. and 50 ft. high ; some at 

 Whitton, 60 ft. hiyh; and a number at Pain's Hill, 60 ft. to 70 ft. high: at Dropraore, it is 38 ft. high. 

 Price of cones, in London, Is. per quart ; and of plants, 5s. each : at BoUwyller, plants are 2 francs 

 each. 



i 17. P. ri'gida Mill. The rigid, or Pitch, Pine. 



Identification. Mill. Diet., No. 10. ; Du Roi Harbk., 2. p. 60. ; Wang. Ueyl., p. 41. ; Marshall Arb._ 



Amer., p. 101. ; Lamb. Pin., od. 2.. t. 16, 17. ; Michx. N. Amer. Syl., 3. p. 150. ; Pursh Fl. Amer. 



Sept., 2. p. 643. ; Hayne Dend., p. 174. ; Lawson's Manual, p. 352. ; N. ^u Ham., p. 244.; Bon 



Jard., 1837, p. 975. ; Load. Cat., ed. 1836. 

 Sytu>ni/mes. P. I'a^Ma rigida /3 Ait. Hurt. Kew., 3. p. 368., Willd. Berol. Baumx., p. 210. ; P. cana- 



dt^nsis trifblia Du Ham. Arb.,'Jil. p. 126.; ? P. Tss'&d a Poir. Did., 5. p. 340. ; ? three-leaved 



Virginian Pine, Sap Pine, black Pine; Pin htrisse, Pin ruie, Fr. 

 Engravings. Lamb. Pin., ed. 2., 1. t. 16, 17. ; N. Du Ham., 5. t. 74. ; Michx. N. Amer. Syl., vol. 3. 



t. 144. ; our^g^. 2126., to our usual scale ; and figs. 2123. to 212)., of the natural size, from Drop. 



more specimens. k. 



Spec. Char., 4'-c. Leaves in threes. Cones ovate-oblong, in threes or 

 fours, much shorter than the leaves : their scales terminated by a 

 rough thorny point. Male catkins elongated, with the crest of the 

 anthers dilated, and roundish. (Luis.) Buds, on young trees (see ^g. 

 •2\23.), from i in. to |in long, fV^"- hroad, pointed, brown, and 

 covered with resin ; on the full-grown trees at Dropinore as in ^g. 

 2125. Leaves (see Jig. 2124'.) from S^in. to 4a in. long; sheath 

 f in. long, white at first, and afterwards becoming darker, but 

 scarcely black. Cones from 2^ in. to 3 in. long, and from l^in. to 

 IJ in. broad; scales l^in. long, terminating in depressed quadrilateral 

 pyramids, ending in a prickle, pointing outwards. Seed little more '^''^ 

 than A in. long; but, with the wing, from |- in. to fin. long. Cotyledons,? 



Variety. According to Mr. Lambert, P. T. olopecuroidea Ait. is a variety of 

 P. rigida, ciiaracterised by its much shorter and stouter leaves, and its 

 ovate-oblong, much naiTuwer, and aggregated cones, (Lamb. Pin., ed. 2., 

 no. 17.) 7 I'- 



