2310 ARBORETUM AND FRUTICETUM. PART III. 



main object is to produce timber trees ; or by cutting out the largest when fit for 

 poles, if this be the main object. Very little pruning is required for the spruce 

 fir, except in the case of large trees ; when the lower branches may be cut 

 off close to the stem, to the heighth of a fourth, or from that to a third, part 

 of the height of the whole tree. When pruned, the branches ought to be cut 

 off close to the stem, in order that the wound may heal over as speedily 

 as possible. Hayes mentions a practice adopted by a gentleman in Ireland, 

 of cutting off every other tier of branches, for the purpose of strengthening 

 those which vvere left; and, by allowing the branches to hang down more 

 freely, thus to increase the picturesque appearance of the tree. {Pract. 

 Treat., p. 166.) At whatever age the trees are cut down, the roots ought 

 to be grubbed up, as they furnish a valuable material for fuel or charcoal. 

 The season of felling, where the bark is to be kept on, should be mid-winter, 

 when the sap is in its most dormant state : but, where the bark is wanted for 

 tanning. May is preferable ; because then the sap is in motion, and the bark 

 easily separates from the wood. 



Statistrcs. In the Environs of London. At Mount Grove, Hampstead, 18 years planted, it is 29 ft. 

 high ; at Syon, it is between 90 ft. and 100 ft. high ; at Chiswick Villa, it is 60ft. high ; at Whitton, 

 between 80 ft. and 90 ft. high, — South of London. In Somersetshire, at Kingsweston, it is 95 ft. 

 high, with a trunk 3 ft. in diameter. In Surrey, at Bagshot Park, IG years planted, it is 35 ft. high ; 

 at Claremont, it is 95 ft. high, the diarreter of the trunk 2ft., and of the head 36 ft. In Sussex, at 

 Cowdrey, it is 80 ft. high, with a trunk 3ft. 9 in. in diameter. In Wiltshire, at Longleat, 80 years 

 planted, it is 99 ft. high, the diameter of the trunk ift., and of the head 44 ft. — North of London. 

 Ill Buckinghamshire, at Temple House, 40 years planted, it is 50ft. high. In Essex, at Audley End, 

 61 years planted, it is 60 ft. high, the diameter of the trunk 2 ft. 6 in., and of the head SO ft. In Here- 

 fordshire, at Haffield, 105 years old, it is 71 ft. high, the diameter of the trunk 2 ft. 6 in., and of the 

 head 15 ft. In'Hertfordshire, at Aldenham Abbey, 34 years planted, it is 65 ft. high. In Leices- 

 tershire, at Donnington, 38 years planted, it is 52 ft. high. In Norfolk, at Merton Hall, it is 87 ft. 

 high, with a trunk 3 ft. 6 in. in diameter. In Shropshire, at Hardwicke Grange, 10 years planted, it 

 is 28 ft. high ; at Willey Park, 18 years planted, it is 40 ft. high, the diameter of the trunk 1 ft., and 

 of the head 20ft. In Staffordshire, at Trentham, it is 90 ft. high, the diameter of the trunk 3 ft. 

 4 in., and of the head 30 ft. In Suffolk, at Finborough Hall, 60 years planted, it is 100 ft. high, the 

 diameter of the trunk 3 ft, and of the head 50 ft. In Worcestershire, at Hadzor House, 10 years 

 planted, it is 20 ft. high. In Yorkshire, in Studley Park, the tree of which a figure is given in our 

 last Volume, 132 ft. high. — In Scotland. In Ayrshire, at Kilkerran, 55 years planted, it is 95 ft. 

 high, with a trunk 3 ft. 6 in. in diameter, and that of the head 30 ft. In Aberdeenshire, at Thainston, 

 51 years planted, it is 67 ft. high. In Argyllshire, at Toward Castle, 15 years planted, it is 30 ft. 

 high. In Forfarshire, at Monboddo, 28 years planted, it is 30ft. high ; at Courtachy Castle, 14 years 

 planted, it is 27 ft. high; another, 50 years planted, is 55 ft. high. In Inverness-shire, at Couan, 

 40 years planted, it is 60 ft. high. In Perthshire, at Invermay, it is 84 ft. high, the diameter of the 

 trunk 5 ft. 9 in., and of the head 64 ft. ; at Taymouth, it is 100 ft. high, the diameter of the trunk 

 4 ft., and of the head 51 ft. In Stirlingshire, at Sauchie, it is 96 ft. high, diameter of the trunk 2 ft. 

 6 in., and of the head 3011;.; at Blair Drummond, 120 years old, it is 98 ft. high, the diameter of 

 the trunk 2 ft. 6 in., and of the head 20 ft. — In Ireland. In Fermanagh, at Florence Court, 55 years 

 planted, it is 70 ft. high, the diameter of the trunk 1 ft. 6 in., and of the head 60 ft. ; at Castle Coole, it 

 is 62 ft. high, the diameter of the trunk 2 ft. In Sligo, at Mackree Castle, it is 96 ft. high, the dia- 

 meter of the trunk 2 ft. 8 in. In Tyrone, at Baron's Court, 60 years planted, it is 100 ft. high, the 

 diameter of the trunk 2 ft. 6 in., and of the head 50 ft. — In Saxony, at Wiirlitz, 60 years planted, 

 it is 80 ft. high, the diameter of the trunk 4 ft., and of the head 40 ft. — In Cassel, at Wilhelm- 

 shoe, it is 60 years old, with a trunk 4 ft. in diameter. — In Bavaria, in the Botanic Garden at 

 Munich, 24 yearS^ planted, it is 40 ft. high. — In Austria, at Vienna, in the University Botanic Garden, 

 30 years [ilanted. It is .50 ft. high ; at Briick on the Leytha, 60 years planted, it is 100 ft. high. — In 

 Prussia, near Berlin, at Sans Souci, 40 years planted, it is 60ft. high. 



Commercial Stathtics. Price of seeds, in London, .3.v. per lb. ; and of plants, 

 one year's seedlings, l,s-. 6d. per thousand ; three years' seedlings, 8.?. per 

 thousand; and transplanted plants, from 12 in. to 18 in. high, 255. per thou- 

 sand. At Bollwyller, single plants are 8 cents each ; and at New York, from 

 50 cents to 1:^ dollar, according to the size. 



t 2. A. a'lba Michx. The white Spruce Fir. 



Idcnlificnlion. MIchx. Fl. Bor. Amer., 2. p. 207., Arb., 1. p. 133. ; N. Amer. Syl., 3. p. 182. ; Poir. 



I)i(!t. Kncyc, 6. p. 521. ; N. Du Ham., 6. p. 291. 

 Synonipncs. /'Inus iilba Ail. Hnrt. Kew., 3. p. 371., Willd. Bcrol. Baumx., p. 221., Lamb. Pin., 



ed. 'i, 1. t. 36. ; P. laxa Ehrh. BcUr., 3. p. 24. ; P. canadensis /)m Bui /foj-AA. p. 124., JVanfr/i. 



Bi-i/l., .0. t. 1. ; /JM)ie« PIcea f61iis, Ac, Hort. Anal., 2. t. 1., Du Ham. Arb., 1. p. 3. ; A. curvif6Iia 



llort.; single .Spruce, Amer.; I'^pinette blanche, Canada; Sapinette blanche, Fr. 

 linti ravings. Lamb. Pin., ed. 2., 1. t. 36. ; Wangh. Bcyt., 5. t. 1. f. 2. ; Hort. Angl, 2. t. 1. ; N. Du 



Ham., t. 81. f. 2. ; Michx. N. Amer. Syl., 3. 1. 148. ; out Jig. 2224. ; and the plate of this tree in our 



last Volume. 



Spec. Char., ^c. Leaves somewhat glaucous, scattered round the branches, 

 erect, quadrangular. (Jones oblong-cylindrical, pendulous, lax; scales 

 with entire margins. (M/c/t.r.) Cones from l:f in. to 2^^ in. long, and from 

 jj in. to ^ in. broad ; on the tree at Dropmorc, 4- in. long. Seed very small ; 



