2396 ARBORETUM AND FRUTICETUM. PART III. 



larch for tlie building of 2 brigs at Perth ; the one, the brig Larch, built by Mr. 



Brown, of 171 tons register; and another, of 240 tons, built by Mr. Ainslie. 



" The Value of Larch Wood, exclusive of the Value of the Pasture under it, nvdy 



be estimated in this manner : — Suppose the plantations are thinned out by 30 



years to what they are to stand for ship timber, that is, to 400 trees per Scotch 



acre; suppose, after that period, the whole were cut down at the following 



respective ages, the value of the whole per acre, at the different periods, would 



be as follows : — 



£ s. d. 

 400 Trees at 30 years old, at 2| cubic feet each tree, = 1000 cubic feet, or 



20 loads, at Is. 6rf. per foot profit, ^ per acre - - 



400 Trees at i:',^ years old, at 15 cubic feet each tree, = 6000 cubic feet, or 120 



loads, at Is. M. per foot profit, = per acre . , - 



400 Trees at 59 years old, at 40 cubic feet each tree, = lf),000 cubic feet, or 



320 loads, at 2s. 6rf. per foot profit, = per acre . - . 



400 Trees at 72 years old, at 60 cubic feet each tree, = 24,000 cubic feet, or 



4S0 loads, at 2s. 6rf. per foot profit, = per acre - . - 3000 



" The average of these prices would be 1381/. 5s. per acre; so that 1000/. 

 per acre is not too high a calculation of the value of the duke's larch planta- 

 tions. 



"The comparativeli/ superior Value of Larch to Oak j^er Acre has already been 

 alluded to, when the comparative quantities of timber per acre were made out, 

 by a statement in favour of the larch. In comparison to Scotch pine, as a 

 comparison of one kind of fir with another, the difference is still more striking. 

 Fifty larch and 30 Scotch pine trees were cut out of the same plantation. 

 The average contents of the fir were 8 cubic feet, at Is. 3d. per foot, or 10*. 

 per tree. The larch averaged 30 cubic feet each, and fetched 2s. 6d. per foot, 

 or 3/. 15*. per tree. So that the larch \\as superior in contents 3J times, and 

 in value more than 7 times, to the Scotch pine. 



" The superior Value of the common Larch, ivhcn compared with the Russian 

 Larch. The duke, having heard of the valuable properties of the Russian larch, 

 with .some difficulty procured the .seed of it from Archangel, reared the plants, 

 and planted them out, in number about 200. They shot out about 8 days earlier 

 than the common larch, but they did not attain to one third of its size in the 

 same time ; and, both in their appearance as trees, and their value as timber, 

 they were found much inferior to the common larch. 



" The Uses to tvhich the Larch Tree may he applied are various and 

 important. In one instance, the duke applied larches successfully as nurses 

 to spruce firs, which were going back. The requisite shelter recovered the 

 health of these valuable trees. The great thinnings of larch plantations, 

 which take place from 20 to 30 years of their age, supply useful materials 

 for various purposes. Posts and rails for fencing may be made either out 

 of the tops or the trunks of young trees. While fir posts and rails last 

 only about 5 years, and are wormeaten after that period, the larch posts 

 stand for 20 years, and never get wormeaten. But the trunks of young 

 trees are preferable for this purpose to the tops, as they have less sap wood. 

 In 1807, the duke fenced a nursery ground with young larch trees cut up the 

 middle, made into a railing 7 ft. high. In 3 years after, the sawn side assumed 

 a leaden-grey colour, and in 1817 the whole railing was quite sound. The 

 railing round the lawn at Dinikeld, made out of the tops of trees, was taken 

 down in 18 IH, after it had stood for 10 years. Six inches only of the posts 

 •were decayed under ground, which being cut off", the rail was nailed up again. 

 A rustic bridge was thrown over a higli road and a ravine, as an ca.sy access 

 to the nursery ground, which remained, in 1817, cpiite sound. 



Ta)ini)i!^. " About the year 1800, the tanriing properties of larch bark were 

 tried by a tanner at i^erth, by the duke's desire. Jt succeeded tolerably well ; 

 but the tanner coiiiijlained that the bark had not half the strength of oak bark. 

 The bark of old trees cut at Blair, the duke found ()uitc unsaleable. The 

 duke was not at all sanguine ajjout the bark of the larch aflbnling a valuable 

 tan ; but, in fact, though more encom'aging markets had been found for it, it 

 is questionable whether the loss arising from the deterioration in the quality 



