CHAP. XCVII. ELMHAGNA‘CER, EL@A‘GNUS. 1321 
surrounds the style of an abortive pistil.— Species several; arborescent 
or shrubby; inhabitants of Ceylon, Nepal, Japan, south of Europe, and 
North America. The fleshy part of the fruit is, in some, eatable. Leaves 
alternate, entire, bearing, as does the bark of growing shoots, scales, or stars 
of hairs. Flowers axillary, pediceled. (Chiefly 7. Nees ab Esenbeck, Gen. 
Pl. Fl. Germ.,whose elucidation relates to E. angustifolia L. ; Lindley; and 
Ach. Rich.) 
Hippo'puar L. Flowers unisexual, those of the two sexes upon distinct 
plants. — Male flower. Calyx arched, seeming as if constituted of 2 leaves 
connate at the tip. Stamens 4, not extended out of the calyx. — Female 
flower. Calyx tubular, cloven at the top, including the ovary, and becom- 
ing eventually succulent. Ovary of 1 cell. Ovule 1. Style short. Stigma 
long, with a longitudinal furrow. Fruit consisting of a polished achenium, 
that has a slight furrow on one side, and of the calyx, now enlarged, and 
succulent with an acid juice. Seed erect. Embryo erect. — Two species 
are known, one wild in Europe, the other in Nepal. The European one is 
partially spiny. Both have leaves narrow, entire, scaly, and silvery, es- 
pecially beneath. The succulent part of the fruit is eatable. (7. Nees ab 
Esenbeck, Gen. Pl. Fl. Germ. ; Smith, Eng. Flora ; and obs.) 
Suerue’rpi4 Nutt. Flowers unisexual; those of the two sexes upon distinct 
plants. — Male flower. Calyx 4-cleft. Stamens 8, included, as to length, 
within the calyx; alternate with 8 glands.— Female flower. Calyx bell- 
shaped, its limb 4-parted, flat, the portions equal; its tube ? adnate to the 
ovary. Ovule 1, Style 1. Stigma oblique. Fruit as in Hippophae.—Two 
species are known, both natives of North America, and having the aspect of 
Elzgnus; one a small tree, the othera shrub. Their leaves are entire, and 
bear scales. Male flowers ? laterally aggregate, in groups that resemble 
a catkin. Female flowers smaller than the male ones, shortly pedunculate 
(Nutt. Gen.): racemose at the ends of the branches (Lindley in Encye. of 
Pl.; Nuttall.). ; 
Genus I. 
olla 
ELZA'GNUS Tourn. Tue ELzacGnus, OLEASTER, or WILD OLIVE 
TREE. Lin, Syst. Tetrandria Monog¥nia. 
Identification. Tourn. Cor., 51.; Ach. Rich, Monogr., p.26.; T. Nees ab Esenbeck, Gen. Pl. Fl. 
Germanice ; N. Du Ham., 2. p. 87. 
8: ymes. Chalef, Fr.; Wilde Oelbaum, Ger. 
erivation. ‘ The elaiagnus of Theophrastus was a plant with hoary leaves, growing in marshy 
places in Arcadia, and was probably a species of Salix, although certainty not S. babylénica, as 
Sprengel has stated it to be. It was named from its resemblance to the e/aza, or olive, from which 
it differed in not bearing fruit. Dioscorides writes el@agros, which means the wild olive; and 
some botanists have adopted this reading, which is most likely the true one. The plants to which 
the name Elezagnus is now applied are also something like the olive. The French call the Zlewfg- 
nus, chalef; a slight alteration, according to Golius, of khaléf, the Arabic name of the willow; 
but more probably of kalaf, the Persian name of the Zlew4gnus itself.” (Lindley in Bot. Reg., 
t. 1156, adapted.) Oleaster is a Latin word, which 1s interpreted a wild olive tree; and perhaps 
it is derived from o/ea, an olive tree, and instar, likeness, 
Description, §c. Deciduous shrubs, or low trees; natives of the south of 
Europe, the Levant, the Himalayas, and North America. In British gardens, 
there are two or three species which grow freely in any soil tolerably dry, and 
are readily propagated by seeds, layers, or cuttings. 
¥ 1. EF. norte’nsis Bieb. The Garden Elzagnus, Oleaster, or Wild 
Olive Tree. 
Identification. Bieb. Fl. Taur, Cauc., p. 113. 
Synonymes. £. angustifvlia L., Wélld. :s Pl., 1. p.688., Ram. et Schult. Syst. Veg., 3. p. 478., 
Pall. Fl. Ross, p. 10. t.4., N. Du Ham., 2. p. 87., Bot. Reg., t 1156. ; BE. inérmis Mid. Bite. No, 2. ; 
E. argénteus Maench Meth., p. 638. ; E. orientalis Delisle; ? E. argéntea Wats. Dend. Brit., t. 161.5 
— Willow ; Olivier de Bohéme, Chalef a Feuilles étroites, Fr. ; schmalblattriger Oleaster, 
x 
