1328 ARBORETUM AND FRUTICETUM. PART III. 
glabrous upon the upper surface; upon the under one stellately pilose, 
silvery, and scaly; the scales rusty, deciduous. Branches opposite. 
Flowers disposed in upright racemes between the first ‘7 
leaves, and of half the length of these. (Nutt., Willd., oN ae 
and obs.) A deciduous shrub, a native of North Ame- 
rica, on the borders of lakes, in the western parts of 
the state of New York, in Canada, and along the St. 
Lawrence to its source, where it grows to the height 
of 6ft, or 8ft. It has been in cultivation, in British 
gardens, since 1759, but is not frequent in collections. 
The fruit is sweetish, but scarcely eatable. A plant of 
this species, in the Cambridge Botanic Garden, is a 
thinly branched shrub, about 5 ft. high, and not striking 
in its general aspect; the plant in the Hackney arbo- 
retum is about the same height; one in the arboretum 
at Kew is only 3 ft. high. One in the Twickenham 
Botanic Garden is 4.ft. high. ~ 
CHAP. XCVIII. 
OF THE HARDY AND HALF-HARDY LIGNEOUS PLANTS OF THE 
ORDER ARISTOLOCHIA‘CER. 
TuoseE of which we shall treat are included in the genus Aristolochia L., 
which has the following characters : — 
Aristoto’cH1A L. Calyx of some other.colour than green, and in colour and 
texture resembling a corolla; in its lowest part connate with the ovary; 
inflated above this part, then tubular, and ending in an expanded border, 
which has 3 segments, and these are valvate in zstivation. Stamens 6, ad- 
hering to the style and stigmas. Style 1. Stigmas 6, radiating. Capsule 
with 6 cells and numerous seeds. Embryo very minute, placed in the base 
of fleshy albumen. Habit of growth, in most, twining. Wood without 
concentric zones. Leaves alternate, undivided in most. Calyx, which is 
the obvious part of the flower, yellow, brown, dark brown, and, in some, 
spotted on a yellow ground. (Lindley, Nat. Syst. of Bot.; Willd. Sp. Pl. ; 
and-observation.) Twining shrubs. The hardy species natives of North 
America, and the half-hardy of Africa and the Levant. ‘“ The most re- 
markable species of the genus Aristolochia are those which, in many of the 
tropical parts of America, excite the wonder of travellers, by the gigantic 
size or grotesque appearance of the flowers; such as A. cymbifera, the border 
of the calyx of which resembles one of the lappets of a Norman woman’s 
cap, and measures 7 in. or 8 in. in length ;” (see Bot. Reg., vol. xviii. 
t. 1543.) and A. cordiflora and A. gigantéa, the flowers of which are from 
15 in. to 16in. across, and are large enough to form bonnets for the Indiap 
children.” (Penny Cye., vol. ii. p. 328.) 
Genus II. 
ARISTOLO‘CHIA L. Tue Birtuworr. Lin. Syst. Gynandria 
Hexandria. 
Identification. Schreb. Lin. Gen., No. 1383.; Willd. Sp. Pl., 4. p. 151. 
Synonymes. Aristoloche, Fr. ; Osterluzey, Ger. 
Derivation. Aristolichia was the name of a plant mentioned by Dioscorides, and considered as of 
pete use in the disorders incident to childbirth: it is derived from artston, best, and lochra, 
parturition. ; 
