1348 . ARBORETUM AND FRUTICETUM. PART 111. 
is 30 ft. high, diameter of the trunk 15 in., and of the head 25ft. At Hagley, 20 years old, it is 
10 ft. high, diameter of trunk 18 in., and of the head 11 ft, 
M. nigra in Scotland. ‘The following specimens are all against walls. In Mid-Lothian, at Gosford 
House, 15 ft. high, diameter of the trunk 1 ft. 3in., and of the space covered by the branches 21 ft. 
In Haddingtonshire, at Tynningham, 14ft. high, diameter of the trunk 1 ft. 8in., and of the head 
30 ft. In Renfrewshire, at Erskine House, 15 ft. high, diameter of the trunk 1 ft. 2in., and of the 
bead 17ft. In Banffshire, at Gordon Castle, 12ft high, against a wall. In Perthshire, at Kinfauns 
Castle, 8 years planted, and 4ft. high. In Ross-shire, at Brahan Castle, 6 years old, and 10 ft. high, 
extent of the branches 18 ft. 
M. nigra in Ireland. Near Dublin, in the grounds at Terenure, there is a remarkable specimen, 
the trunk of which divides, close by the Beeb into five limbs, nearly of equal bulk, the largest 
exceeding 10 in. in diameter, height 25 ft., circumference of the head 130ft. At Castletown, 30 ft. 
high, diameter of the trunk 2ft. Gin., and of the head 30ft. In Galway, at Coole, 14 ft. high, 
diameter of the trunk 8in,, and of the head 14 ft. In Sligo, at Makree Castle, 8 years old, it is 8 ft. 
high, diameter of the trunk 5 in., and of the head 7 ft. 
. nigra in Foreign Countries. ta France, at Nantes, in the nursery of M. De Nerriéres, 60 years 
planted, it is 49 ft. high, with a trunk 223 ft. in circumference. In the Botanic Garden, at Avranches, 
40 years planted, it is 40 ft. high, the diameter of the trunk 1 ft., and of the head 20ft. In Saxony, 
at Worlitz, 30 years old, it is 19 ft. high; the diameter of the trunk 6in. In Cassel, at Wil- 
helmshohe, 7 years planted, it is 6 ft. high. In Bavaria, at Munich, in the Botanic Garden, 18 years 
planted, it is 20 ft, high. In Austria, near Vienna, at Briick on the Leytha, 42 years old, it is 33 ft. 
high, the diameter of the trunk 9in., and of the head 15 ft. In Prussia, near Berlin, at Sans Souci, 
70 years old, it is 30 ft. high, the diameter of the trunk 14in., and of the head 11 ft. In the Pfauen 
Insel, 40 years old, it is 30 ft. high, the diameter of the trunk 13 in., and of the head 44ft. 
4 2. M.a‘tBa L. The white-fruited Mulberry Tree. 
re Lin, Hort. Cliff.,441.; Mill. Dict., No. 3.; Willd. Sp, Pl., 4. p. 368,; N. Du Ham., 4. 
p. 87. 
Synonymes. M. candida Dod. Pempt., 810.; M. fractu albo Bauh, Pin., 459.; M. alba fructu 
minori albo insulso Du Ham. Arb., 2, p. 24. 
Engravings. Schkuhr Handb,, 3. 290.; T. Nees ab Esenbeck Gen, PI. Fl. Germ., fase. 3, No. 5, 
f. 1—6., the male; and our plate in Vol. III. 
Spec. Char., §e. Leaves with a deep scallop at the base, and either heart- 
shaped or ovate, undivided or lobed, serrated with unequal teeth, glossy, or, 
at least, smoothish ; the projecting portions on the two sides of the basal sinus 
unequal. (Willd. Sp. Pl.) A deciduous tree, growing to the height of 30 ft. 
A native of China, Introduced in 1596; flowering in May, and ripening its 
fruit in September. 
Varieties. —These are extremely numerous; and the same kinds are even dis- 
tinguished in different countries by different names. The following are 
some of those most generally cultivated for their leaves, as affording food for 
the silkworm : — 
4% & M. a. 2 multicaddis Perrottet in Ann. de la Soc. Lin. de Paris, Mai, 1824, 
p. 129., Lodd. Cat., ed. 1836; MM. tatarica Desf., but not of Lin. or 
Pall.; J. bullata Balbis ; M. cucul- 
lata Hort. ; Chinese black Mulberry, pels 
Amer, ; Perrottet Mulberry, many- 4 a 
stalked Mulberry; Murier Perrottet, }\ 7 
Fr.; Maurier 4 Tiges nombreuses, ‘\ 
Mirier des Philippines, Ann. des Sci., 
i. p. 336. pl. 3.3 and our jig. 1223.; 
Moro delle Filippine, Zta/.— This 
variety was introduced into France, 
in 1821, by M. Perrottet, “ agricul- 
tural botanist and traveller of the 
marine and colonies of France,” from 
Manilla, the capital of the Philippine 
Islands ; into which country it had 
been brought as an ornamental tree, some years previously, from 
China, It is considered, both in Italy and France, as by far the 
best variety for cultivation as food for the silkworm. It is a tree, 
or, rather, a gigantic shrub, as the name implies, of rapid growth, 
with vigorous shoots, and large pendulous leaves, which, even 
in poor dry soils, are 6 in. long, and 8 in. or 9 in. broad; but which, in 
rich humid soils, are often 1ft. in breadth, and 15 in. or 16 in. in 
length. They are convex on the upper surface, of a beautiful glossy 
green, and of a succulent texture. The fruit of this variety was un- 
known in Europe till 1830. It is long, black, and of a flavour some- 
fe 1223 
