1362 ARBORETUM AND FRUTICETUM. PART III. 
In order to make paper, it is soaked for three or four hours in water; after which 
the external skin, and the green internal coat, are scraped oft, and the strong- 
est and firmest pieces are selected ; the produce of the younger shoots being 
of an inferior quality. If any very old portions present themselves, they are, 
on the other hand, rejected as too coarse. All knotty parts, and every thing 
which might impair the beauty of the paper, are also removed. The chosen 
bark is boiled in a lixivium till its downy fibres can be separated by a touch of 
the finger. The pulp so produced is then agitated in water till it resembles 
tufts of tow. If not sufficiently boiled, the paper will be coarse, though strong ; 
if too much, it will be white, indeed, but deficient in strength and solidity. 
Upon the various degrees and modes of washing the pulp, much also depends 
as to the quality and beauty of the paper. Mucilage obtained from boiling 
rice, or from a root called oreni (Kempf.,474.), one of the mallow tribe, is 
afterwards added to the pulp. The paper is finished much after the European 
mode, except that stalks of rushes are used instead of brass wires.” (Pen. Cyc., 
art. Broussonétia) The India or Chinese paper used for taking proofs of en- 
gravings is thus made. In Otaheite, the bark of this tree is made into dresses. 
Plants are readily propagated by layers, suckers, or cuttings of the root. 
Statistics. In the environs of London, the largest plant we know of is in the Botanic Garden at 
Kew, where it is 20 ft. high. In Berkshire, at White Knights, 25 years planted, it is 23 ft. high; the 
diameter of the trunk 92 in., and of the head 20 ft. by 13ft. In Cheshire, at Eaton Hall, 10 years 
planted, it is 8 ft. high; diameter of the trunk 3in., and of the head 7 ft. In Oxfordshire, in the 
Oxford Botanic Garden, 14 years planted, it is 25 ft. high; diameter of the trunk 4in., and of the 
head 15 ft, In Worcestershire, at Croome, 40 years old, it is 20 ft. high ; diameter of the trunk 12in. 
In Scotland, in Perthshire, at Kinfauns Castle, 8 years planted, it is 5ft. high. In France, at 
Villers le Bacle, 10 years planted, it is 25ft. high. In the Botanic Garden, Toulon, 20 years planted, 
it is 25 ft. high ; and the diameter of the trunk is 1ft. 2in.'; at;Nantes, in the nursery of M. De 
Nerriéres, 30) years planted, it is 25ft. high : in the Botanic Garden at Avranches, 40 years planted, 
it is 40 ft. high ; the diameter of the trunk 2 ft. 72 in., and of the head 30 ft. In Austria, at Vienna, 
in the University Botanic Garden, 20 years planted, it is 22 ft. high ; the diameter of the trunk 9in., 
and of the head 10 ft. : at Laxenburg, 20 years planted, it is 14 ft. high; the diameter of the trunk 
4in., and of the head 6 ft. : at Hadersdorf, 6 years planted, it is 14ft. high. In Italy, at Monza, 24 
years planted, it is 40 ft. high; the diameter ofthe trunk 1 ft., and of the head 20 ft. 
Commercial Statistics, Plants, in the London nurseries, are from Is 6d. to 
2s. 6d. each; at Bollwyller, J franc each; and at New York, the male plant 
50 cents each, and the female plant 75 cents. 
Genus III. 
XE 
ye 
mt 
MACLU‘RA Nutt. Tue Macuura. Lin. Syst. Dice‘cia Tetrandria. 
Identification. Nutt. Gen. N. Amer. Plants, 2. p. 233.; Lindl. Nat. Syst. of Bot., p. 178. 
Synonyme. ‘TOxylon Rafinesque in 1817, Gard. Mag., vol. viii. p. 247. 
Derivation, Named, by Nuttall, in honour of Wellam Maclure, Esq., of the United States ; an emi- 
nent natural philosopher. 
2 1. M. auranti‘aca Nutt. The orange-like-fruited Maclura, or Osage 
Orange. 
Identification. Nutt. Gen. N. Amer. PI., 2. p. 234. 
Synonymes. Bow-wood, Yellow Wood, N. Amer. : 
The Sexes. Both male and female plants are in the Horticultural Society’s Garden, and in the 
Hackney arboretum. 
Engravings. Appendix to Lambert’s Monog. on the Genus Pinus, 9, p. 32. ; and our Jig. 1226., in 
which aisthe female flower, and 6 the male, 
Description, §c. The maclura is a deciduous widely spreading tree, with 
spiny branches, growing to the height of about 30 ft., on the banks of the 
Red River ; or, according to Nuttall, of 60 ft., in the Arkansas. The leaves are 
ovate acuminate, of a bright shining green, broad, with a cuspidate point, 
3 in. or 33 in. long,and about 2 in. broad. The petiole is often 1 in. long. The 
spines are simple, rather strong, about 1 in.in length, and produced in the 
axils of the leaves. The flowers are inconspicuous, and nearly green, with a 
slight tinge of yellow. The fruit, which in size and general appearance, at a 
distance, resembles a large Seville orange, consists of radiating, somewhat 
