CHAP. Cl. ULMA‘CEA. U’LMUS. 1393 
generally known, that one of the elm trees standing near the entrance of the 
passage leading to Spring Gardens was planted by the Duke of Gloucester, 
brother to Charles I. As that unfortunate monarch was walking with his 
guards from St. James’s to Whitehall, on the morning of his execution, he 
turned to one of his attendants, and mentioned the circumstance, at the same 
time pointing out the tree.’ (Jesse’s Glean., 2d series, p. 273.) 
Piffe’s Elm, in the Vale of Gloucester, between Cheltenham and Tewkesbury, 
was, in 1783, the finest tree of the species in the county. It was then mea- 
sured by Marshall, and found to girt 16 ft. at the smallest part of the trunk. 
It was between 70 ft. and 80 ft. high, and its head proportionably wide. 
The Chipstead Elm, in Kent, figured by Strutt, was 60 ft. high, and contained 
268 ft. of timber. Its trunk was covered with ivy, and the tree appeared very 
luxuriant when Mr. Strutt made his drawing; but, in the spring of 1836, as 
we were informed by J. Polhill, Esq., the tree did not put forth its leaves, and 
it stood throughout the following summer a leafless trunk. The elms at 
Mongewell, in Oxfordshire, a place celebrated by Leland for its “ faire woodes,” 
are also engraved by Strutt. The largest is 79 ft. high, 14 ft. in circumference 
at 3 ft. from the ground, the diameter of the head 65 ft., and it contains 250 ft. 
of solid timber. About the centre of a group of these elms stands an urn, 
inscribed to the memory of two highly valued friends of the possessor in 1830, 
who was the Bishop of Durham ; and whom, Mr. Strutt observes, “it was de- 
lightful to contemplate wandering, in his 90th year, amidst shades with which 
he was almost coeval, and which in freshness and tranquillity afforded most 
suitable emblems of his own green and venerable old age.” In Ireland, the 
dimensions of several elms are recorded by Hayes, which, though the species 
is not named, we think belong to U. campéstris. Near Arklow, at Shelton, 
an elm had a trunk 5 ft. 4 in. in diameter at the surface of the ground. At 
Luttrelstown, an elm by the road side girted 18 ft. 10in. at the ground, and 
had a straight trunk 40 ft. high. In the county of Kildare stood an elm, which, 
till the year 1762, was, perhaps, the finest tree of the species in the world. 
The diameter of the head, taken from the extremities of the lower branches, 
exceeded 34 yards ; but in the end of that year the two principal arms fell from 
the trunk in one night, apparently from their own weight, as the weather was 
perfectly calm. The timber contained in these branches alone sold for 5 guineas. 
In this situation the tree continued till the winter of 1776, when a violent storm 
tore up the whole by the roots, with a great mass of soil and rock adhering to 
them. Some time previous to this the trunk had been carefully measured, 
and was found to be 38 ft. 6in. in circumference. It had been hollow for 
some years; and the value of its timber by no means answered what might 
have been expected from the sale of its two branches in 1762. We have 
nothing certain as to its age; but tradition supposes it to have been planted 
by the monks of St. Wolstan, seme time before the dissolution of that mo- 
nastery, which happened in the year 1538. An elm at Carton, the seat of the 
Duke of Leinster, is 14 ft. 8in. round near the bottom, diminishing like the 
shaft of a Doric column, and being 13 ft. in circumference at 16 ft. from the 
ground, and containing 169 cubic feet of timber. 
Statistics. Existing Trees. U'lmus campéstris in the Environs of London. At Ham House, Essex, 
it is 88 ft. high, diameter of the trunk 6 ft., and of the head 73 ft. In the Fulham Nursery, 70 years 
planted, itis 60 ft. high. At York House, Twickenham, 120 years planted, it is 90 ft. high, diameter 
of the trunk 33 ft., and of the head 60 ft. 
U’imus campéstris South of London. In Devonshire, at Killerton, 200 — planted, it is 100 ft. 
high, diameter of the trunk 7 ft. 3in., and of the head 62 ft. ; at Muswell Hill, it is 77 ft. high, with 
a trunk 1 ft. in diameter. In Dorsetshire, at Melbury Park, 200 years old, it is 125 ft. high, diameter 
of the trunk 6ft. 9in., and of the head 80ft. In Hampshire, at Alresford, 81 years planted, it is 
73 ft. high, diameter of the trunk 4 ft. 4in., and of the head 48 ft. ; at eee 130 ft. high, the 
diameter of the trunk 5} ft., and of the head 72 ft. In the Isle of Wight, in Wilkins’s Nursery, 35 
years old, it is 50 ft. high. In Somersetshire, at Leigh Court, it is 90 ft. high, diameter of the trunk 
54 ft., and of the head 60 ft. ; another, 14 years planted, is 50 ft. high : at Nettlecombe, 210 years old, 
it is 100 ft. high, diameter of the trunk 5ft. 8 in., and of the head 57 ft. In Surrey, at Farnham Castle, 
it is 96 ft. high, diameter of the trunk 7 ft. 9in., and of the head 85 ft. ; at St. Anne’s Hill, it is 82 ft. 
high, diameter of the trunk 4 ft. 8 in., and of the head 64 ft. ; at Claremont, it is 100 ft. high, diameter 
of the trunk 6ft., and of the head 85ft. In Sussex, at Cowdry, it is 45 ft. high, diameter of the 
trunk 4 ft. 10in.; and at Parham Park, there are some fine specimens, In Wiltshire, at Wardour 
Castle, 50 years planted, it is 70 ft. high, diameter of the trunk 5 ft., and of the head 42 ft. 
U. campéstris North of London. In Bedfordshire, at Flitwick House, it is 60 ft. high, with a trunk 
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