CHAP. Cl. ULMA CEA. U’LMUS. 1395 
Commercial Statistics. Plants,in the London nurseries, from 8 ft. to 4 ft. 
high are 20s. per hundred, from 5 ft. to 6 ft. high 36s.; the striped-leaved 
variety 50s. per hundred. At Bollwyller, large plants are 1 franc each ; and 
at New York, 374 cents. 
¥ 2. U.(c.) suBERo‘sA Mench. The cork-barked Elm. 
Identification. Ebr. Arb., 142,; Willd. Sp, PL, p. 1324.; Baumz., 391.; Host Fl. Austr., 1. P. 328. ; 
Eng. Bot., t. 2161.; Engl. FL, 2. p.21.; Hook. Br. Fl, p.141.; Lindl. Synop., p.226.; Mackay FI. 
Hibern., pt. 1. p. 241.; Lodd. Cat., ed. 1836. 
Synonymes. U. carpéstris Woodv. Med. Bot., t.197.; U.campéstris and Theophrasti Du Ham. 
Arb., 2. p. 367. t.108.; U. vulgatissima folio lAto scdbra Ger. Emac., 1480. f., ti Syn., 468.; U. 
montana Cam. Epit.,t. 70., upper fig. ; common Elm Tree, Hunt. Evel. Syl., p. 119; l’Orme Liége, 
VvOrme fungeux, Fr. 
mt ey s. Eng. Bot., t. 2161.; Hayne, t. 28.; Wood. Med. Bot., t.197.; Du Ham. Arb., 2. t. 108. ; 
ath. Valgr.,1. p. 130. f.; our jig. 1240, ; and the plate in our last Volume. 
Spec. Char., §c. Leaves pointed, rough, doubly and sharply serrated. Flowers 
stalked, 4—5-cleft. Samara almost orbicular, deeply cloven, glabrous. 
Branches spreading; their bark corky. (Smith Eng. Fl.) Taller and 
more spreading than the common English elm. Bark, 
when a year old, covered with very fine dense cork, a 
in deep fissures ; whence the specific name, suberdsa, “ 
first given by Meench, and adopted by Ehrhart. 
Leaves rough on both sides, more rounded, and twice 
or thrice as large as in U. campéstris; very unequal 
at the base, strongly, sharply, and doubly serrated, 3 
hairy beneath, with dense broad tufts at the origin of [71 if 
the transverse ribs. Flowers much earlier than the &i/*U)) 
foliage, stalked, reddish, with 4 or 5 rounded segments, \Y \\\}| 
and as many stamens, with dull purple anthers. Sa- \"y 
mara nearly orbicular, with a deep sinus reaching to gag \ 
the place of the seed. (Sm. Engl. Fl.) A very marked 
kind of elm, but evidently a variety of U. campéstris ; 
and we should have included it among the varieties of that species, had there 
not been some very distinct subvarieties of it, which, we think, may be more 
conveniently kept by themselves; and because we should, for the same 
reason, have been obliged to include U. major, also, under U. campéstris, 
it being, in our opinion, as much a variety of that species as U. suberdsa. 
It varies exceedingly in the character of its corky bark ; sometimes being 
deeply furrowed, and sometimes much less so. It also varies much in the 
character of its head; being sometimes low, loose, and spreading, as re- 
presented in the plate in our last Volume ; and sometimes being tall and 
narrow. It is propagated by grafting on U. montana, or by layers or suckers. 
Varieties. 
¥ U. (c.) s. 1 vulgaris, U. suberdsa Hort. Dur. The Dutch cork-barked 
Elm, — This, except the American elm and the Canterbury seedling 
(U. montana major glabra), is the quickest-growing of any that 
Mr. Masters cultivates. It is, moreover, valuable, on account of its 
growing well upon the Kentish chalks; and it keeps its leaf till 
late in the autumn. It is a tree of large growth: many of the elms 
at Windsor are of this kind. 
¥ U. (c.) s. 2 foliis variegatis Lodd. Cat., ed. 1836 ; U. suberdsa variegata 
Hort. Dur. ; is precisely like the last, except in its variegation. Mr. 
Masters has seen a few of very large dimensions; and there is one in the 
grounds of G. May, Esq., Strood House, Herne, remarkable for its 
size and beauty. 
¥ U. (c.) s. 3 alba, U. suberdsa Alba Masters. — A lower tree, of more 
compact growth, than the two preceding varieties ; and often growing 
into an oval, or rather cone-shaped, head. Young shoots pubescent. 
Foliage thickly set. Bark much wrinkled, and becoming white 
with age. Fine specimens of this are growing in Lee Park, near 
Canterbury. 
4y¥ 3 
