1398 ARBORETUM AND FRUTICETUM. PART II1. 
+ 6. U. montana Bauh. The mountain, Scotch, or Wych, Elm. 
Identification. Bauh. Pin., 427. ; With. Bot., 279. ; Sm. Engl. Bot., t. 1827. ; Engl. FL, 2. p. 22.; Hook. 
ee FL, p. 142; Lindl. Synop., p. 927.5 Mackay’s Fl. Hibern. PL, 1. p. 241.;' Lodd. Cat., ed. 
1836. 
Synonymes. U. glabra Huds., ed. 1., 95. ; U. effiisa Stbth., 87., Abbot, 55.; U.scabra Mill. Dict., No. 2. 5 
U. nada Ehrh. ;- U. campéstre Willd. Sp. Pl., p. 1324., Fl. Dan., t. 632., Huds., 109., Lightfcot, 
1094. 5 WychiHazel of old authors. _ nes 
Engravings. Engl. Bot., t. 1887. ; Fl. Dan, t. 632, ; and the plates of some of the varieties in our 
last Voiume. 
Spec. Char., §c. Leaves pointed, rough, broad, and doubly serrated. Flowers 
on longish peduncles loosely tufted, 5—6-cleft. Samara somewhat orbicular, 
slightly cloven, naked. Branches drooping at their extremities ; their bark 
smooth and even. (Smith, adapted.) A tree, a native of Britain, and of 
various parts of Europe ; flowering in April and May, and ripening its seeds 
in June. 
Varieties. The varieties of the Scotch elm are extremely distinct, and very 
handsome trees, some well worth cultivating in a useful, and others in an 
ornamental, point of view. 
A. Timber Trees. 
¥ U. m. 1 vulgaris. —Tree spreading ; seldom exceeding 40 ft. or 50 ft. in 
height, except when drawn up by other trees. 
¥*-U. m. 2 rugosa Masters, U. rugosa Lodd. Cat., ed. 1836.—Bark reddish 
brown, cracking into short regular pieces, very like that of A‘cer 
campéstre. Tree of spreading growth, and moderate size. A tree 
with this name attached to it, in the London Horticultural Society’s 
Garden, has much smaller and rougher leaves than the species, and 
they are of a deeper green. The tree is of upright growth, and is, 
probably, not identical with the U. m. rugosa of Mr. Masters. 
¥ U. m. 3 major Masters.—The tree is of upright and rapid growth, with 
few branches; and, in some stages, approaching the habit of the 
common Scotch elm, but of a more tapering form. The leaves fall 
almost a month sooner than those of the following sort. There is a 
very handsome tree of this variety in the Horticultural Society’s 
Garden, which we have figured in our last Volume, and which we 
have no doubt is identical with the kind described by Mr. Masters. 
It loses its leaves, in the Horticultural Society’s Garden, before 
any other species or variety. 
- * U. m. 4 minor Masters, as compared with U. m. major, is of a more 
branching and spreading habit, of lower growth, with more twiggy 
shoots; and these are more densely clothed with leaves, which are 
retained long in the autumn. 
* U. m. 5 cebennénsis Hort. The Cevennes Elm.—There is a tree of this 
variety in the Horticultural Society’s Garden, which, in 1834, was 
12 ft. high, after being 10 years planted. Its habit is spreading, like 
that of U. m. vulgaris ; but it appears of much less vigorous growth. 
% U.m. 6 nigra, U. nigra Lodd. Cat., the black Irish Elm, is a spreading 
tree, with the habit of U. montana vulgaris, but with much smaller 
leaves. It is by some considered as a variety of U. campéstris ; but, 
as it ripens seeds in Ireland, we are inclined to think it belongs to 
what may be called the seed-bearing section of the genus, and, con- 
sequently, to U. montana. f 
¥ U. m. 7 australis Hort.— The tree of this variety in the Horticultural 
Society’s Garden has rather smaller. leaves, and a more pendulous 
habit of growth, than the species ; but it does not appear to be dif- 
ferent in any other respect. 
B. Ornamental or curious Varieties. 
¥ U.m. 8 péndula ; U. péndula Lodd. Cat., ed. 1836; U. glabra decim- 
bens Hort. Dur. ; U. horizontalis Hort. ; U.rtbra in the Horticultural 
Society’s Garden ; and the plate of this tree in our last Volume.— 
