CHAP. CI. ULMA‘CEA. U’LMUS. 1403 
crooks nearly equal in largeness to the bole of the tree. This tree affords a very great natural 
curiosity to the eye of a lover of trees. (For. Guide, p. 392.) —_ y 
Statistics of existing Trees _In'England. At Muswell Hill, it is 85 ft. high, the diameter of the 
trunk 3 ft., and of the head 451t. In Hampshire, at Alresford, 81 years planted, it is 72 ft. high, 
diameter of the trunk 2 ft. 5in., and of the head 36 ft. In the Isle of Wight, in Wilkins’s Nursery, 
it is 25 ft. high. In Somersetshire, at Nettlecombe, 40 years planted, it is 65 ft. high, the diameter 
of the trunk 1 ft.1] in, and of the head 26ft. In Surrey, at Farnham Castle, it is 80 ft. high, diameter 
of the trunk 2 ft. 4in., and of the head 86 ft. ; at St. Anne’s Hill, itis 70 ft. high, diameter of trunk 4 ft., 
and of the head_.99 ft. In Bedfordshire, at Woburn Abbey, is one with a trunk 63 ft., and the diameter 
of the head 92 ft. In Monmouthshire,at Dowlais House, 20 years old, it is 30 ft. high. In Oxfordshire, 
in the Oxford Botanic Garden, itis 100 ft. high, diameter of the trunk 2 ft. 10 in., andjof the head 120 ft. 
In Worcestershire, at Croome, 70 years planted, it is 70 ft. high, diameter of the trunk 4ft., and of the 
head 28 ft.; at Hagley, 10 years planted, itis 14ft. high, In Yorkshire, at Grimstone, 12. years 
planted, it is 24 ft. high. 7 
U. montana in Scotland. nthe Horticultural Garden, Inverleith, 29 years planted, it is 18 ft. 
high ; at Hopetoun House, 100 years planted, it is 60 ft. high, diameter of the trunk 4 ft., and of the 
head 51ft. In Clackmannanshire, in the garden of the Dollar Insti- 4 ff 
tution, 12 years planted, it is 30ft. high, diameter of the trunk 1 ft., 
and of the head 24ft. In Lanarkshire, at Pollock, are some very 
large wych elms, one of which figured by Strutt in 1812 was then 
86 ft. high, but in October, 1839, it was again measured for this work, 
and was found 90 ft. high, the diameter of the trunk nearly 4 ft., 
at 5 ft. from the ground. There are three other elms at Pollock nearly 
as large; and one which is reported to have been planted by Sir 
Thomas Maxwell, lord advocate of William IIL, and one of the 
commissioners of the union, and which must consequently be up- 
wards of 180 years old. In Perthshire, at Kinfauns Castle, it is 
70 ft. high, diameter of the trunk ft., and of the head 60ft. A 
sketch of this tree was sent us by Mr. Robertson, gardener at Kin- 
fauns Castle, of which jig. 1244. is an engraving, reduced to the _ & 
scale of lin. to 50 ft. In Stirlingshire, at Airthrey Castle, it is 63 ft. «.2 j 
high, diameter of the trunk 4 ft., and of the head 48 ft. ; at Callender “ ; 
Park, it is 46 ft. high, diameter of the trunk 5 ft., and of the —=====7/ 
head 66 ft. 
U. montana in Ireland. n Cork, at Castle Freke, it is 50 ft. high, 1244: 
diameter of the trunk 1 ft. 3in., and of the head 32ft. In Louth, near Mansfieldstown, at Bawn, 
a tree planted to commemorate the birth of the grandfather of the present preprietor, and which is 
considered to be of about 120 years’ growth, is 70 ft. high ; the diameter of the trunk at the base 9 ft. 
8in., at 6 ft. from theground 5 ft. 4in., and the diameter of the head 90 ft. 
Commercial Statistics. Plants, in the London nurseries, are, seedlings 5s. 
per thousand ; transplanted seedlings, from 1 ft. to 2 ft. high, 15s. per thou- 
sand; from 2 ft. to 3 ft. high, 25s. per thousand ; from 4 ft. to 6 ft. high, 50s. 
er thousand. At Bollwyller, large plants are 1 france each; and at New 
ork, they are 5 cents each. 
* 7. U. (m.) Gia‘BRA Mill. The smooth-leaved, or Wych, Elm. 
Identification. Mill. Dict., ed. 8., No. 4.; Cullum, 97. ; Eng]. Bot., t. 2248.; Sm. Engl. FI., 2. p. 25. ; 
Hook. Br. FL, p. 142. ; Lindl. Synop., p. 226. ; Mackay Fl. Hibern., pt. 1. p. 241. 
Synonymes. U. montana 6 Fi, Br., 282. ; Hull., ed. 2.,75., U. folio glabro Ger. Emac., 1481. f., 
Rati Syn., 469, ; U. campéstris var. 3. With, 279. ; the feathered Elm. 
Engravings. Engl. Bot., t. 2248.; Ger. Emac., 1481. f. ; and our fig. 1245, 
Spec. Char., §c. Leaves elliptic-oblong, doubly serrated, smooth. Flowers 
nearly sessile, 5-cleft. Samara obovate, naked, deeply cloven. (Smith.) 
A tall elegant tree, with spreading, rather drooping, smooth, blackish 
branches, scarcely downy in their earliest stage of erowth. “ 
Leaves smaller than any of the preceding (except U. cam- 
péstris), as well as more oblong; strongly serrated, very “ 
unequal at the base, not elongated at the extremity ; their 
substance firm, or rather rigid; the surface of both sides 
very smooth to the touch, and without any hairs beneath, 
except the axillary pubescence of the ribs, which often 
forms a narrow downy line along the midrib. Flowers 
nearly sessile, with 5 short, bluntish, fringed segments, 
and as many longish stamens; the anthers of which are 
roundish heart-shaped. Samara smaller than most other 
species, obovate, cloven down to the seed, smooth, often 
reddish. A native of Britain, chiefly in England, in 
woods and hedges; and forming the most common elm RAS 
in some parts of Essex. It bears seeds in nearly as great abundance as U. 
montana, and it does not throw up suckers ; which convinces us that it is 
only a variety of that species. The propagation, culture, &c., of U. glabra 
and its varieties are the same as in the preceding sort; but, to preserve the 
latter distinct, they ought to be grafted. 
