CHAP. CII. JUGLANDA CE®, JU GLANS. 1423 
§ i. Simple Aments. Growth rapid. 1. Jiglans régia L. 2. J. nigra L. 
3. J. cathartica Michr., syn. J. cinérea L. The order of the flowering of 
these species in England is, first J. régia, then J. cinérea, in a few days 
after which the catkins of J. nigra expand. The order of fruiting is differ- 
ent ; for, while the fruit of the common walnut begins to drop in the first or 
second week in September, that, of the black walnut does not fall till the end 
of the same month, and that of the grey walnut, not till the beginning of 
October. (Mart. Mill.) To this section may be added Pterocarya, a genus 
recently separated from Jtglans. 
§ ii. Compound Aments, each Peduncle bearing three. Growth slow. 1. Ji- 
glans oliveférmis Michx. (syn. Carya oliveférmis Nutt.) 2. J. amara 
Miche. (C. amara Nutt.) 3. J. aquatica Miche. (C. aquatica Nutt.) 4. J. 
tomentosa Michx. (C. tomentosa Nutt.) 5. J. squamdsa Miche. (C. 
alba Nutt.) 6. J. lacinidsa Miche. (C. lacinidsa Nutt.) 7. J. porcina 
Miche. (C. porcina Nutt.) 8, J. myristiceeférmis Michr. (C. myristici 
formis Nutt.) 
¥ 1. J. re‘aia L. The royal, or common, Walnut Tree. 
Identification. Lin. Hort. Cliff, p. 449.; Mill. Dict., No. 1. and Ic.; Du Roi Harbk., p. 323. ; 
Willd. Arb., 155. ; Willd. Sp. Pl., 4 p. 455.; Michx. N. Amer. Sylva, 1. p. 143. 
Synonymes. NGx Jiglans Dod. Pempt., 816. ; Nox Juglans, seu régia vulgaris, Bauh. Pin., 417. . 
Noyer commun, Fr.; Noseguier Provence; gemeine Walnuss, Ger. 
Engravings. Mill. Ic.; Lam. Ill, 781.; Ludw. Ect., t. 188,; Blackw., t. 247.; Knorr Del., 1. ° 
t. N. 7.; T. Nees ab Esenbeck Gen. Pl. Fl. Germ., fasc. 3. f. ¥.; Michx. N. Amer. Sylva, t. 29, = 
our fig. 1257. ; and the plates of this tree in our last Volume, 
Spec. Char., §c. Leaflets in a leaf, 5—9; oval, glabrous, obscurely serrated. 
Fruit oval, situated upon a short inflexible peduncle. Nut rather oval, 
rather even. A native of Persia, in the extensive province of Ghilan, on 
the Caspian Sea, between 35° and 40° of latitude. In cultivation in 
England since 1562, and probably long before; flowering in April and May, 
and ripening its fruit in September. 
Varieties. 
¥ J. r. 2 maxima; Nox Jiglans fractu maximo Bauh. Pin., 417., N. 
Du Ham., iv. p. 173.; Noix de Jauge Bon Jard., ed. 1836, p. 473., 
Nois. Jardin Fruitier, t. 16.; Bannut, Warwickshire. — This variety 
has the fruit double the size of that of the species, being sometimes 
nearly as large as a turkey’s egg; but, in drying, the kernel shrinks 
to one half its size; and, hence, the fruit of this variety is not good 
for keeping, but ought to be eaten directly after being gathered. 
The leaves are large, and the tree has a magnificent appearance ; 
but its timber is not nearly so durable as that of the common 
walnut. 
4 J.r 3 ténera; NOx Juglans fractu ténero et fragile putamine Bauh. 
Pin., 417., N. Du Ham., iv. p. 173.; Noyer 4 Coque tendre, Noyer 
Mésange Bon Jardinier, |. c., Noyer de Mars in Dauphiné. The thin- 
shelled, or Titmouse, Walnut. (See Hort, Trans., vol. iv. p. 517.; and 
E. of Gard., ed. 1834, p. 942.)— The latter name is given to this kind 
of walnut, because its shell is so tender, that the birds of the titmouse 
family (mésange, Fr.) (Parus major L., fig. 1256. a; P. cerileus L., 
fig. 1256. 6; and also P. ater and P. palustris LZ.) pierce it with their 
bills, and eat the kernel, leaving the remaining part of the fruit on the 
tree. (See Mag. Nat. Hist., vol. vii. p. 147.) This variety has the 
most delicate fruit of all the walnuts: it keeps longer, and produces 
more oil; but it is not so good a bearer as the other sorts. M. Trat- 
ge tinik, a German botanist, states, in the Nouveau Du Hamel, that he 
has seen a tree of the Jiglans régia which only produced female 
catkins, and never male ones; and that it bore every year a great 
quantity of fruit with a tender shell. It is known that the shells 
of walnuts are much more tender in some years than in others ; and, 
also, that the shells often vary in their degrees of hardness on the 
same tree, in the same year; and, very likely, this may depend on 
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