CHAP. CII. SALICA CEA. SA‘LIX. 1453 
CHAP. CIII. 
OF THE HARDY LIGNEOUS PLANTS OF THE ORDER SALICA‘CEEX, 
Att the plants of this order are ligneous, and included in the genera Salix 
L. and Pépulus L., which agree in having the flowers unisexual, and those 
of the two sexes situated upon distinct plants, disposed in catkins, and indi- 
vidually subtended in the catkins by a bractea, termed a scale by many 
botanical authors ; in the seeds being contained in a capsule of one cell and 
two valves, and each seed bearing a tuft of longish white hairs; and in the 
leaves having stipules. The points of structure in which the genera differ 
will be found in the following characters ; the essential distinction being in the 
number of stamens:— 
Sa‘trx L. Bractea to the flower of each sex entire. Male flower consisting 
of 1—5 stamens, more in a few species, and of one or more glands inserted 
contiguously to the stamens. Female flower consisting of a pistil that is 
stalked or sessile, or nearly sessile; and one or more glands inserted con- 
tiguously to it. Leaves, in most, with the disk more or less lanceolate. 
(Smith Engl. Fl., and observation.) 
Po’putus L. Bractea to the flower of each sex laciniated in its terminal 
edge. Male flower consisting of a calyx, and 8 stamens at fewest; in 
many instances, many more. Female flower consisting of a calyx and a 
pistil, Leaves with the disk more or less oblate ; and the petiole, in most, 
compressed in the part adjoining the disk. (7. Nees ab Esenbeck Gen. Pl. 
Fl. Germ. Ill., and observation. ) 
Consistently with Dr. Lindley’s definition of a catkin, given in his Inétro- 
duction to Botany, ed. 2., what, in the genus Salix, has been usually termed 
the scale or the calyx, and by Borrer, in the Supplement to English Botany, the 
calyx scale, is here denominated a bractea; and what used to be called the 
nectary is, agreeably with Dr. Lindley’s definition, in his Synopsis of the 
British Flora, here termed a gland. 
Genus I. 
el Fella 
AARP RRP 
SA‘LIX L. Tue Wittow. Lin. Syst, Dice\cia Didndria. 
Identification. Liv. Gen., 514. ; Juss ,408. ; Smith in Rees’s Cyclo., vol. 31. ; Fl. Br., 1059. ; Tourn., 
t. 364. ; Lam., t. 802.; Gertn., t. 90. 
Synonymes, Harab, Hebrew ; Itea, Gr. ; Salix, Lat. ; Saule, Fr.; Weide and Felber, Ger, ; salcio, 
Ttal.; Sauze, Span.; Wide, Swed. ; Wilge,'Flem.; Withig, Angio-Sar.; Willow, Withy, Sal- 
low, Osier, Engi. ; Saugh, Scotch. 
Derivation. From sal, near, and /?s, water, Celtic ; in reference to its general habitat. According 
to others, from salire, to leap ; on account of the extraordinary rapidity of its growth. 
Description, §c. Trees and shrubs, mostly the latter, varying from 2in. or 
3in., to 50 ft., GO It., and even to 80 ft. or 90 ft. in height. The branches are 
round and flexible. Leaves simple, undivided, stalked, generally alternate, 
deciduous. Stipulesin pairs at the base of the footstalks, very variable in 
size, deciduous. The leaves are arranged spirally on the branches; those on 
which 3 complete the spiral have the epithet tripla applied to them; those 
which have 4, tétrapla, &c. In a very few species only are the leaves placed 
opposite, and not in a spirai order, In by far the greater number they are dis- 
posed ina hexaplous order. (Walker.) Catkins early, erect or drooping, 
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