CHAP. CIII. SALICA‘CE®. SA‘LIX. 1583 
ge 141. S. Crowes‘n4 Smith. Crowe’s Willow. 
Identification. Smith Eng. Bot., t. 1146.; Willd, Sp. P1., 4. p. 675. ; Smith in Rees’s Cyclo., No. 51. ; 
Eng. F1., 4. p. 192. ; Forbes in Sal. Wob., No. 52.; Hook. Br. F1., ed. 3. 
Synonymes. S.arbGscula Wahlenb., var. Koch Comm., p.45.; S.hdmilis Schl. is cited in Sal. Wob. 
as the 1 female of S. Crowedna Smith ; ?S. heteroph¥lla Host. 
The Sexes. Both sexes are described in Eng. Bot., and figured in Sal. Wob. Mr. Borrer deems the 
case of the combination of the filaments to be one monstrous in the species, rather than innate and 
characteristic. B 
Engravings. Eng. Bot., t. 1146.; Sal. Wob., No. 52.; and our fig. 52. in p. 1615. 
Spec. Char., §c. Filaments combined below. Leaves elliptical, slightly ser- 
rated, quite glabrous, glaucous beneath. (Smith Eng. Fl.) Mr. Borrer 
regards (Eng. Bot. Suppl., t. 2660.; and Hook. Br, Fl., ed. 2.) the combi- 
nation of the filaments as not a constitutional character of this species, but 
as only such of the individual, from which all the individuals that are in this 
case, that he has examined, have been propagated ; and he regards the state 
as one founded in monstrosity. He has added, in argument : “ Indeed,” the 
stamens “are-represented in the Salictum Woburnense as changing into” ovaries, 
“as those of S. bicolor Ehrhart, and some of the common sallows, have been 
observed to do.” See notices of instances below, and in p. 1454.; and Mr. 
Borrer has since found this change taking place in S. Croweana, in his own 
garden. He views S. nitens Anderson and S. Croweana Smith as very closely 
akin ; and, in the following notice of some differences between them which 
he has made (Eng, Bot, Suppl., t. 2660,), it may be inferred that what he 
deems characteristic features are noticed : — “ The leaves of S, Crowedna are 
less pointed, almost obovate ; in every stage without pubescence, even in the 
petiole; their edges rarely waved, and more obscurely crenate; and the 
scales of the catkins, that is, the bracteas of the individual flower, shorter 
and rounder.” According to Hooker’s British Flora, ed. 2., Mr. Borrer finds 
the ovary, not downy, as Smith has described it to be, “ but nearly glabrous, 
as figured in the Salictum Woburnense.” A native of England (Smith), in 
swampy meadows and thickets, flowering in April and May. “S. Crowe- 
dna, with submission, is not a Norfolk plant, but from the river Ettrick, near 
Selkirk, whence Mr. Dickson sent it to Mr. Crowe; and he gave me fresh 
cuttings from the same place three years ago, which turn out exactly the 
same individual as Crowe’s from Dr. Smith.” (Jr. Anderson, in a letter to 
Mr. Borrer, 1815.) The following traits are drawn from Smith’s detailed 
description in his English Flora : —“A bushy shrub, usually 4 ft. or 5 ft. high, 
with many stout, irregularly spreading, glabrous, leafy, brittle, brownish 
yellow branches. Leaves alternate, perfectly glabrous, on broadish glabrous 
footstalks, uniformly elliptical, very rarely inclining to obovate, 14 in. long, 
more or less, acute, and often recurved at the extremity, contracted gra- 
dually at the base; the margin copiously, though not conspicuously, serrated, 
or rather crenate; the upper side of a deep shining green, under glaucous, 
veiny. The catkins appear before the leaves, and are about 1 in. long; those 
of the male of a bright yellow. This Salix, when covered with male blossoms, 
is amongst the most handsome; nor are the leaves destitute of beauty.” S. 
Croweana has grown 10 ft. high with Mr. Borrer. Mr. Forbes has figured 
a curious monstrosity in the plant of this species which is ‘in the Woburn 
salictum, of the catkins of the male changing into ovaries, with the style and 
stigmas perfect, as in the fertile flower. Mr. Forbes observed the progres- 
sive change of the stamens into ovaries. At first, he says, the filaments began 
to thicken a little in the middle when they were united, and they gradually 
grew into their subsequent shape, the filaments becoming pistils, and the 
anthers stigmas. Sir W. J. Hooker states that a similar alteration has 
been remarked by Mr. Borrer in S. oleifolia, and Mr. R. Gee in S. cinérea, 
There are plants at Woburn, Henfield, and Flitwick. 
2 142. S.si’cotor Ehrh. The two-coloured Willow. 
Identification. Ebrh. Arb., 118. ; Hook. Br. FL, ed. 2., p. 427.; ? Hayne Abbild., p. 238. = 
Synonymes. S. tenuifdlia Smith Eng. Bot., t. 2186,, as to the figure; S. floribGnda Forbes in Sai. 
Wob., No. 54. Koch, in his Cumm., has identified S, bicolor Ehrh. with S. livida Wahlenb. ; and 
noted that what is frequently cultivated in German gardens as S. bicolor Erk. is of another spe-~ 
7 A 
