CHAP. CV. CORYLA‘CEX. QUE’RCUsS. 1821 
and found their necks full of troublesome tumours; whilst he himself suffered 
for several days from having handled them. In these respects, they are very 
similar to the celebrated Pityocampa of the ancients, and which is the cater- 
pillar of another species of this genus, which feeds upon the fir. *Peecilo- 
cimpa pépuli, *Hypogymna dispar (the gipsy moth), *Psilira monacha 
(the black arches), *Dasychira fascelina (the dark tussock), *Psyche fasca, 
and +Limacddes TJestido. Amongst the Lithosiide, *Callimérpha miniata, 
*Lithdsia complana (the common footman), *L. quadra (the four-spotted 
footman), *Gnophria rubricéllis. 
Amongst the Noctuide, * Semidphora géthica, +t Orthdsia instabilis, *O. 
gracilis, *O. manda, *O, crida, *O, stabilis, *Glz‘a satellitia, +Amphipyra ; 
pyramidea, +Xylina rhizélitha, *X. petrificata, *Misélia aprilina (the beau- 
tiful marvel du jour moth), +Polia seladonia, *Apatéla aceris, +Diphthera 
Orion, *D. ludifica (British ?) +Cerépacha dilita, +C. ridens, +Cymatéphora 
O’o, *Césmia trapezina, +X4nthia croceago, and +X. rufina, +Catephia 
leucémelas, *Catocala fraxini (the great blue under-wing moth, similar to 
C. elocata, p. 1484. fig. 1293., but 4 in. in expanse, and having the ground 
of the under wings blue instead of red), +Catocala pacta, +C. spénsa, 
and +C, promissa, three very beautiful, but small, species of this genus, with 
the ground colour of the under wings scarlet), and *Brépha notha. 
Amongst the Geométride are, + Anisépteryx leucophearia, * Hybérnia capreo- 
laria and *H. defoliaria (which are occasionally very destructive in oak copses), 
* Phigalia pilosaria, * Biston prodromarius (the great oak beauty), * B. betu- 
larius (the peppered moth), * Himera pennaria, * Crocalis elinguaria, several 
species of thorn moths (several of which are figured in all their states, and 
in a most admirable manner, by M. Lyonnet, in his Posthumous Memoirs, 
recently published), including | Geémetra querciniria, + G. querciria, +G. 
angularia, *G. illunaria, * G, illustraria, &c.; +Cledra bajularia, Cledra cinc- 
taria. (See Mag. Nat. Hist., v. p. 265.) * A’lcis roboraria, A’lcis consonaria, 
and A. consortaria (Lyonnet Mém. Posth., pl. 29. f. 20—27.), + E’phyra 
punctaria, * Eurymene dolabraria. Amongst the Platyptericide, Pyralide, 
Tortricide, Tinéide, and other remaining lepidopterous families, composed 
of insects of small size, a vast number of species are oak feeders, including 
* Drépana falcataria, + D. hamula, *Pechipogon barbalis, *Hyléphila prasinAna 
( Réaumur Mém., tom. ii. pl. 39. f. 13, 14.), * H. quercana, + Lozotz‘nia robo- 
rana, + Pseudotomia atromargana, * Roxana arcuana,  Phibalécera quercina, 
+ Phycita roborélla, Adela Geerélla (Lyonnet Mém. Posth., pl. 19. f. 17—25.; 
Tinea sequélla (Zd., pl. 19. f. 26.), the cocoon of which is an exceedingly 
interesting geometrical construction, described in detail by Lyonnet. 
Amongst the Leaf-feeding Species, the majority are external feeders, neither 
concealing themselves in cases, nor rolling themselves up in leaves ; but some, 
especially amongst the smaller species, do not agree with these in their habits, 
and adopt various methods of defence, which render an examination of the 
different inhabitants of this tree an object of the greatest interest. Of these 
some roll up several leaves into a ball of considerable size (Réaum. Mém., tom. i. 
pl. 15. f. 3., and pl. 32. f. 4, 5.), which latter represents the habitations of 
the scarlet under-wing moths above mentioned ; others, again, construct their 
boat-shaped cocoons of strips of oak leaves (Jbid., pl. 38. fig. 7.); others, 
again, roll up the leaves in various directions (as T6rtrix viridina, above men- 
tioned, p. 1818.; Réaum., tom. ii. pl. 13, 14, 15, 16.); others feed upon the 
parenchyma of the leaf, raising, as it were, large circular blisters, the upper 
and under surfaces of the leaf remaining unconsumed. (Réaum., tom. iii. pl. 3.) 
Some form tortuous labyrinths within the leaf, similar to those of the rose- 
leaf miners; and some live in little cases of leaves, or silk, which they carry 
about with them. (2éaum., tom. iii. pl. 7.) 
Amongst the Coleopterous Insects, the common cockchafer (Scarabze‘us 
Meloléntha Lin., Meloléntha vulgaris Fab., fig. 1648. a), is the most obnoxious 
of the leaf-eating species. The egg of this terrible devastator is white, and is 
deposited in the ground, where it soon changes into a soft whitish grub with 
