1884 ARBORETUM, AND FRUTICETUM. PART TI. 
delphia and Wilmington, a fourth dearer than that of either the red or the 
scarlet oak ; the leather is said to be improved by the addition of a small quan- 
tity of the bark of the hemlock spruce.” (N. Amer. Syl.,i. p. 80.) This species _ 
of oak is used in New Jersey to form hedges. The elder Michaux says that, for 
this purpose, the acorns are sown on a raised bank; and that they must be 
carefully defended, during the first winter, from rats and moles, which are fond 
of them. The young plants must be kept clear of weeds, and earthed up 
during the two following years; and, in the course of the fourth, they will 
form a very thick and-strong hedge ; the young shoots and branches crossing 
and intertwining with each other. If kept properly pruned and weeded, 
and the gaps filled up by young plants raised in boxes, a hedge of this kind 
will last more than a century. (Hist. des Chénes, No. 14.) This species ap- 
pears from the Hortus Kewensis, 2d ed., to have been introduced, under the 
name of Q. elongata, by Mr. Murdock Murchison, in 1763; and to have been 
reintroduced, under the name of Q. triloba, by the Messrs. Fraser, in 1800. 
There are plants at Messrs. Loddiges’s, under the name of Q. lyrata, as well 
as that of Q. falcata; and there is a tree at Trentham called Q. falcata, which 
is 20 ft. high, diameter of the trunk 11in., and of the head 18 ft. Phalze‘na 
-(Dryocampa Harris) stigma Abb. and Smith, t. 56. and our fig. 1752.; Bombyx 
stigma Fab. Ent., 4. p. 424.; the orange white-spot moth; feeds upon the 
leaves of this oak and Q.tinctoria. In a young state the whole brood of cater- 
pillars keep together, but disperse as they grow larger. It is very seldom 
seen on the wing. One observed by Abbott went into the ground on the 20th 
of September, and came forth on the 16th of June. Both the larva and imago 
are of a bright orange colour. 
¥ 18. Q. TINcTO‘RIA Willd. The Quercitron, or Dyer’s, Oak. 
Identification. Willd. Sp. PL, 4. p.444.; Ait. Hort. Kew., 5. p.291.; Pursh Fl. Amer. Sept., 2. 
p. 629.; N. Du Ham., 7. p. 170. ; Smith in Rees’s Cycl., No. 58, * 
Synonymes. Q. virginiana, &c., Pluk. Phyt., t. 54. £.5.; Q. discolor Willd. Arb., 274., Smith in Abb, 
Ins., 2. p. 111. ; the black Oak, Amer. ; Chéne des Teinturiers, Fr. 
