CHAP. CV. CORYLA‘CEZ. QUE/RCUS. 1887 
weight of alum : to dye silk, the proportion is 1 lb. of the quercitron to 12 lb. of 
silk. The quercitron is chiefly exported from Philadelphia. According to 
M‘Culloch, the average quantity ape for three years, ending in 1831, was 
25,015 ewt.a year; and the price of this varied, according to the quality from 
12s. 6d. to 15s. per cwt., including 1s. each for duty. Dr. Bancroft first dis- 
covered and applied the dyeing properties of the quercitron ; and he obtained 
a patent for his invention in 1775; but, the American war breaking out soon 
after, he reaped little profit from his discovery, though it has been of great 
advantage to the arts and manufactures of both England and America. (Com 
Dict., art. Bark.) iar» 
Statistics. In England, in the environs of London, the largest plant we kno i 
diges’s, where there isa tree 20 ft. high, of which a portrait riper in bh nyt nth Mp Senten 
shire, at Trentham, 26 years planted, it is 24ft. high, the diameter of the trunk 8in., and of the 
head 10 ft.; in Worcestershire, at Croome, 40 years planted, it is 45 ft. high, the diameter of the 
trunk 20 in., and of the head 40 ft. In the Edinburgh Botanic Garden, 10 years planted, it is 10 ft 
high. In France, in Brittany, at Barres, 8 years planted, it is 12 ft. high. In Austria, at "Briick on 
tore eh 30 years old, it is 12ft. high. In Italy, in Lombardy, at Monza, 6 years planted, it is 
¥ 19. Q. patu’stRIs Willd. The Marsh, or Pin, Oak. 
Identification. Du Roi Harbk., 2., t.5. f.4.; Wang. Amer., t.5. f.10.; Mich ; 
‘Arb. 2p. 123. t.25.3 Willd. Sp. Pl; 4 p.4i0.; Ait Hort. Kew., 5. 1923 Parsh El Amer 
Sept., 2. p. 631.; N. Du Ham., 7. p. 172. ; Smith in Rees’s Cycl., No. 63. ; Lodd. Cat., ed. 1836. ; 
Synonymes. Q, imontins Lodd: Cat., ed, 1836; @. Banisteré Lodd. Cat., ed. 1836 ple. 
ravings. Michx, Quer., . 34.5; N. Amer. Syl., 1. t. 27.; 7 fe a E 
plate of this tree in our last Volume. “Pig 27.5 our figs. 1758. and 1759.; and the 
Spec. Char., §c. Leaves smooth, oblong, deeply and widely sinuated, on long 
stalks ; lobes distant, parallel, acute, sharply toothed, bristle-pointed ; forks 
of the veins densely woolly beneath. Calyx of the fruit flattened; nut 
nearly globose. (Willd.) A tree, 80 ft. high. Introduced in 1800. 
Description,  §c. \ 
The pin oak, accord- 
ing to the younger 
Michaux, is a tall 
tree, rising, in marshy 
ground, to the height 
of 80 ft., with a trunk 
3 ft. or 4 ft. in diame- 
ter. “Its secondary 
branches are more 
slender and numerous 
than is common on so 
large a tree, and are 
intermingled, so as to 
give it,atadistance,the 
appearance of being 
full of pins. This sin- 
gular disposition ren- 
ders it distinguishable 
at first sight in winter, 
and, is perhaps, the 
cause of its being call- 
= the pin oak.” (NV. 
mer. Syl., i. p» 101. 
~ rae a hong 
assumes an agreeable pyramidal shape; and its far-extending droopi 
branches, and light and elegant foliage, render it, in our Sinton, in Lt. 4 
graceful of all oaks. The bark on the oldest trees of Q. palustris is scarcely 
ever cracked: on young trees it is perfectly smooth. The wood is coarse- 
grained, and resembles that of the red oak. In the climate of London, the 
tree is remarkably hardy; and its rate of growth is much more rapid than ‘that 
of every other American oak, with the single exception of Q.ambigua. This may 
6G . 
2 
