1892 ARBORETUM AND FRUTICETUM. PART III. 
plants of the Black Jack in the Horticultural Society’s Garden, and a tree 
in the arboretum of the Messrs. Loddiges, under the name of Q. aquatica. 
4 22. Q. aqua’Tica Soland. The Water Oak. 
Identification. Soland. in Ait. Hort. Kew., ed. 1., 3. p.357., ed, 2., No. 11.; Willd. Sp, Pl., 4. p.441.; 
» Pursh Fl. Amer. Sept., 2. p.628.; Michx. Quer., No.11.; N. Du Ham., 7. p. 167.; Smith in 
Rees’s Cycl, No. 52. 4 
Synonymes. Q. foliis cuneif6rmibus, &c., Gron. Virg. ; Q. folio non serrato, &c., Cat. Carol., 1.t. 20. ; 
Q. nigra Willd. Sp. Pl., 1413.; Q. uligindsa Wangh. Amer., t. 6. f. 18. 
Engravings. Michx. Quer., t. 19, 20, and 21.; Cat. Carol., t. 20. ; and our jig. 1767. 
Spec. Char.,§c. Leaves wedge-shaped, smooth; tapering at the base; dilated 
and obscurely 3-lobed at the end; the middle lobe largest. Calyx nearly 
hemispherical. Nut roundish. (Willd.) A tree, from 40 ft. to 60 ft. high. 
Introduced before 1723. 
Varieties. 
¥ Q. a. 2 nana; Q. aquatica Smith and Abb. Ins., ii. p.117. t. 59.3 Q. a. 
elongata Ait. Hort. Kew., v. p. 290.; Q. dentata Bart. Trav., p. 14. 
and 28.; Q.nana Willd. Sp. Pl., iv. p. 443., Pursh Fl. Amer. Sept., ii. 
p. 628., NV. Du. Ham., vii. p. 169., Smith in Rees’s Cycl., No. 55.; the 
Dwarf jagged Oak ; is of much lower stature than the species, and 
has the leaves nearly sessile, and more distinctly lobed. 
¥ Q. a. 3 maritima Michx. Quer., No. 
11. t. 20. f. 2.; Q. hemisphe’rica 
Willd, Sp. Pl., iv. p. 443., Bart. 
Trav., p. 320., Pursh Fl. Amer. 
Sept., il. p. 628., N. Du Ham., 
vil. p. 169., Smith in Rees’s Cycl., 
No. 65.; has persistent leaves. 
Other Varieties. There is no Ame- 
rican oak, not even Q. falcata, of which 
the foliage is so variable as of this tree. 
On full-grown trees, the leaves are 
smooth, shining, and heart-shaped ; or 
broad and rounded at the summit, and 4 
terminating in a point at the base, as \Z 
in fig. 1767.; and on young trees, or 
on shoots from the root of old trees, 
the leaves are oval, toothed, oblong, 
and, in short, of all the different forms 
shown in jig. 1768., taken from the Histoire des Chénes. In the Hortus 
Kewensis, five varieties are enumerated, only differing in the shape of the 
leaves; but the elder Michaux as- 
serts that they cannot be propagated 
with certainty even by grafting ; and 
that all the different kinds may be 
found on one tree. Even the two 
we have given under distinct names, 
though they are made species by some 
authors, are rather variations than 
varieties. 
Description, §c. The water oak 
rarely exceeds 40 ft. or 45 ft. in height, 
with a trunk from 1 ft. to | ft. 6 in. in 
diameter ; though it is sometimes found 
50 ft. or 60 ft. high. The bark, on the 
oldest trees, is smooth, or very slightly 
furrowed. The acorns, which are of a 
dark brown, and are small and ex- 
tremely bitter, are contained in shallow 
slightly scaly cups. They are not 
