CHAP. CV. CORYLA CEA. QUE/RCUS. 1899 
B. Leaves evergreen. 
§ viii. Vex. Holm, or Holly, Oaks. 
@ slalala 
a. Natives of Europe. 
Sect, Char. eaves ovate or oval, sometimes lanceolate, entire or serrated ; 
with or without prickly mucros; downy beneath. Bark smooth and black, 
or rough and corky. Fructification biennial. Cupsimbricate. Nut ovate, 
acuminate ; sometimes very long in proportion to the cup. Low trees, or 
shrubs, of great commercial interest, from including the oaks which produce 
cork, the kermes insect, and edible acorns. 
£ 29. Q. I~ex L, The common evergreen, or Holm, Oak. 
Identification. Lin. Sp. PL. 1412. ; Willd. Sp. PL, 4. p. 433.; Ait. Hort. Kew., 5. p. 289.; N. Du 
Ham., 7. p. 156. ; Smith in Rees’s Cycl., No, 32. 
Synonymes. I\ex arbdrea Bauh. Hist., 1. p. 95.; VYeuse, or Chéne vert., Fr.; Stein Eiche, Ger. ; 
Elice, Izal.; Encina, Span. 
Engravings. Blackw. Herb., t. 186.; N. Du Ham.,t, 43, 44.; Dend. Brit., t. 90.; our jig. 1781.; 
and the plates of the tree in our last Volume. 
Spec. Char., §c. Leaves ovate-oblong, acute, coriaceous, entire or serrated ; 
hoary beneath. Bark even. Nut ovate. (Willd. and Smith.) A large shrub, 
or low or middle-sized tree, according to soil and situation; a native of 
the south of Europe, the north of Africa, and of Cochin-China, and other 
parts of Asia; in cultivation in British gardens from a very remote period; 
flowering in May, and ripening its acorns the second year. 
Varieties. These are very numerous, and 
frequently very distinct ; and, as in the 
case of every species of oak, they might 
be greatly increased by selecting from 
beds of seedling plants. 
f Q. I. 1 integrifdlia Lodd. Cat., ed. 
1836; Smilax Dalech., Bauh. 
Hist., i. p. 101.; Stiiber secin- 
dus Matth. Valgr., i. p. 188., as 
to the figure ; has the leaves 
lanceolate, entire. 
2 Q. I. 2 serratifilia Lodd. Cat., 
ed. 1836; ‘lex Matth. Vailgr., 
i. p. 186., Du Ham. Arb., i. t. 
123., and our fig.1778.; has the 
leaves lanceolate, serrated. 
2% Q. I. 3 fagifolia Lodd. Cat., ed. 1836; Phéllodrys Matth. Valgr., 
i. p. 189., as tothe figure; Ilex, No. 3., Du Ham, ; 
Arb.,i, t. 224., and our fig. 1779.; has broader and =f} 
less rigid leaves, which are more or less undulated, 
and sometimes slightly serrated. ENY 
2 2 Q. I. 4 crispa Lodd. Cat., ed. 1836, has the leaves ‘= 
wrinkled at the edges. 
2 Q. I. 5 latifolia Lodd. Cat., ed. 1836; Q. I. oblénga © 
Hort. ; and our jig. 1780, ; has broad leaves, nearly 
entire. There is a magnificent specimen of this 
variety at Purser’s Cross, some of the leaves of 
which, on the lower part of the tree, are upwards 
of 5 in. long, and nearly 3in. broad. The leaves 
of Q. I. fagifolia often attain nearly the same size ; 
but they differ in being undulated, and sometimes slightly serrated at 
the edges. 
