CHAP. CV. CORYLA‘CEA. QUE’RCUS. 1913 
drawings of the two trees were taken nearly a month afterwards, when they 
had exactly the appearance shown in our last Volume. In order that the 
variety may be kept distinct by propagators, we have given it a name among 
the others, as below. 
f Q. S. 2 /atifolium, Suber latifolium, &c., Bauh. Pin., 424, Du Ham. Arb. 
2. p. 291. t. 80., has the leaves rather broader than the species, and 
either serrated or entire. The tree at Muswell Hill, between 30 ft. 
and 40 ft. high, figured in our last Volume, we may suppose to be of 
this entire-leaved subvariety. 
2 Q. 8. 3 angustifilium, Siber angustifolium Bauh. Pin., 424., Du Ham. 
Arb,, 2. p. 291. t. 81.—The portrait in our last Volume of a tree in 
the Fulham Nursery, 27 ft. high, and of which there is a botanical 
specimen given in Wants Dend. Brit. t.89., and our fig. 1798., 
may be considered as belonging to this variety. 
2 Q. 8. 4 dentatum, the Q. Psetido-Stiber of Muswell Hill, has the 
leaves large, and variously dentate, as in fig. 1797. The tree of 
this variety at Muswell Hill, figured in our last Volume, is between 
50 ft. and 60 ft. high. 
Description, §c. The cork tree bears a general resemblance to the broad- 
leaved kinds of Q. Ilex; of which species some authors consider it only a 
variety : but, when full grown, it forms a much handsomer tree; and its bark 
alone seems to justify its being 
made a species. It would appear 
to be rather more tender than the 
ilex; since the severe winter of 
1709 killed to the ground the 
eater part of the cork trees of 
rovence and Languedoc; and the 
frost of 1739-40, one of the original | 
trees in the Chelsea Botanic‘ Gar- £ 
den, Like the ilex, it varies ex- 
ceedingly in the magnitude, form, ¥ 
and margins of its leaves, and also 
in the size of its fruit. The nut, 
according to Bosc, is more sweet 
than that of the ilex, and may be 
eaten as human food in cases of 7% 
“necessity. Swine, he says, are exceedingly greedy of these acorns, and get 
rapidly fat on them, producing a firm and very sayoury lard. The Spaniards 
eat the acorns roasted, in the same manner as they do those of Q. gramintia, 
and as we do chestnuts. The outer bark, the great 
thickness and elasticity of which is owing to an 
extraordinary developement of the cellular tissue, 
forms the cork; which, after the tree is full grown, 
cracks and separates from it, of its own accord. # 
The inner bark remains attached to the tree, and, Mies 
when removed in its young state, is only fit for tan- Qu) 
ning. Both outer and inner bark abound in tannin; WX 
and the former contains a peculiar principle called 
suberine, and an acid called the suberic. The tree 
is found wild in dry hilly places in the south of 
France, in Italy, in great part of Spain, and in the 
north of Africa. In Spain, according to Captain 
S. E. Cook, it is most abundant in Catalonia and ‘ 
Valencia. The wood of the cork tree, which weighs 84 lb. per cubic foot, is 
used for the same purposes as that of Q. Z‘lex ; but it is never found of suffi- 
cient size to be of much consequence. By far the most important product, 
however, which this tree yields, is its outer bark. This, which is the cork of 
