1928 ARBORETUM AND FRUTICETUM. PART III. 
are of a glaucous green, quite glabrous on both sides; on rather long 
footstalks, of an oblong oval form, with the indentations generally ter- 
minating in a short bristly spine. The flowers are generally produced 
two or three together at the extremity of the branches, on a peduncle 
about 6 lines long. This oak is said to be a native of Portugal. 
Q. calycina Poir. Dict. Encyc. Suppl., 2. p. 216., N. Du Ham. 7. p. 
159., has oval-elliptic leaves, cottony and yellowish beneath. Nuts 
ovate-oblong, in a long pubescent calyx. ‘This oak, according to M. 
Poiret, greatly resembles the ilex. It is of middling size, with nume- 
rous unequal branches, covered, when young, with an ash-coloured 
down. The leaves are oval, and slightly pointed at the apex ; about 
1 in. long, entire, or slightly dentated with a few small teeth ; smooth 
and shining above, except when quite young; cottony and rather 
yellowish beneath, with downy petioles. The acorns are oval, very 
long, and borne on short, thick, axillary peduncles. The nut is en- 
veloped for three quarters of its length in a very deep pubescent calyx, 
often 8 or 9 lines long, covered with very closely set scales, and warty. 
This tree is a native of France, having been found near Orange, in 
the department of Vaucluse, by M. De Bressieux, who sent specimens of it to M. Poiret. i 
Q. expdnsa Poir. Dict. Encyc. Suppl., 2. p. 217., N. Du Ham., 7. p. 158., has the leaves oval, and 
slightly dentated ; white and cottony beneath ; acorns oval on peduncles, with very large, pubescent, 
bell-shaped calyxes. This oak differs very slightly from Q. calycina, and isa native of the same 
habitat, It is about 12 ft. or 15ft. high; dividing into numerous branches, which are downy when 
young. Its leaves closely resemble those of Q. calycina,* except in being rather shorter, and that 
their downy pubescence beneath is white, instead of being yellowish. The acorns are shorter, and 
thick; and the calyx is nearly flat, and bell-shaped. Poiret mentions two forms of this species 
differing slightly in the calyx. j 
Q. rotundifolia Lam. Dict., 1. p.'723., Willd. Sp. Pl., 4. p. 434, N. Du Ham., 7. p. 158., Rees’s 
Cycl., No. 37. ; the round-leaved Spanish Oak; Chéne a Feuilles rondes ; has persistent leaves, which 
are obovate-oblong, with spinous teeth, heart-shaped at the base, smoothish above, and downy 
beneath. This oak is very imperfectly known, as neither Lamarck nor Willdenow had seen either 
its flowers or fruit. The acorns are said to be sweet and eatable. It is a native of Spain, whence it 
was brought to France; and there is asmall plant in the Jardin des Plantes. In the Nouveau Du 
Hamel, it is said to be possibly a variety of J‘lex ; but Bosc supposes it to be either closely allied 
to, or identical with, Q. gramtintia. ‘There are numerous plants of it, he says (writing in 1806), in 
the Paris gardens. 
Q. hxmilis Lam. Dict., 1. p.'719., Willd. Sp. Pl., 4. p. 435., Ger. Emac., 1340., N. Du Ham., 7. 
p. 161., Rees’s Cycl., No. 38.; Q. pédem vix sdperans Bauh. Pin., 420.; Rdbur 7., sive Q. pumila, 
Clus. Hist., 1. p. 1¥.; the dwarf Portuguese Oak ; Chéne pygmée, Fr.; has the leaves obovate, with 
spiny teeth at their apex, and rather heart-shaped at the base; downy beneath. Calyx of the fruit 
flattened. Nut oblong. This curious little shrub was found by Clusius, in barren sandy ground near 
Lisbon, very abundant. The whole plant is rarely more than 1 ft. high when wild; though 
Lamarck says that, by cultivation, it may be made to attain the height of 3ft. or 4 ft. The leaves 
strongly resemble those of the ilex. They are about lin. or 1}in. long, on very short footstalks ; 
smooth and shining above, downy and hoary beneath ; the larger veins straight and parallel, and 
the smaller ones reticulated. The acorns are sessile; the nut is oblong, and more bitter than that 
of the common British oak, with a very shallow, and rather flattened, calyx. This is still common 
in sandy soil in Portugal. The Q. himilis of the London gardens, noticed in p. 1924.,is a very 
different plant from that here described. 
AQ MAG 1818 
App. iii. African Oaks which have not yet been introduced. 
Q. obtécta Poir. Dict. Encyc. Suppl., 2. p. 218., N. Du Ham., 7. p. 163., has the leaves nearly oval, 
slightly toothed, glabrous, shining. Acorns on peduncles, nearly solitary. Nut hidden in the cup. 
The branches of this species are ash-coloured, glabrgus, and extremely flexible. The leaves are 
entire, or bordered with a few spiny teeth. The cup ye A opens a little at the extremity, and is 
ciosely imbricated; the upper scales being looser than the others, and somewhat recurved at the 
point. 
App. iv. Oaks of Asia Minor and Persia not yet introduced. 
Du Hamel. Leaves ovate-oblong, 
very smooth on both sides, deeply 
toothed, somewhat sinuated, decidu- 
ous. Fruit sessile; ripening the 
second year. Calyx tessellated. Nut 
elongated, nearly cylindrical, (So. 
and Wiild.) This oak, according to 
Olivier, seldom attains the height 
b of 6ft.; and the stem is crooked, 
with the habit of a shrub, rather than that of a tree. The 
leaves are about lin. or 12 in. long, deciduous, bright green, 
smooth on both sides, but paler beneath ; their serratures are 
deep and broad, not acutely pointed. Fruit solitary, nearly ses- e 
sile. Cup slightly downy ; its scales not very distinct. Acorn two or three times longer than the 
cup, smooth, nearly cylindrical.. Olivier observes that this plant, besides producing the galls of 
commerce, bears a number of different kinds of this excrescence, which are neglected as useless. 
The tree, according to Bosc, has been long in the Jardin des Plantes at Paris, where it bears the 
winters quite well in the open air, losing its leaves in the autumn. He has no doubt that it may 
be pr coanated in abundance in the south of France ; but considers it doubtful whether the insect 
could be introduced and multiplied there with equal facility. According to the catalogues, this 
