2002 ARBORETUM AND FRUTICETUM. PART III 
% % 2 C. pu‘mina Willd. The Dwarf Chestnut, or Chincapin. 
TANT _Willd. Sp. Pl., 4. p. 461.; Michx. Amer., 2. p.193.; Mill. Dict., No. 2.; N. Du 
Sims. Boe pumila Lin. Sp. Pl., 1416., Gron. Virg., 150., Du Roy Harbk., 1. sp. 975., 
Wang. Amer., 57. t. 19. f. 44., “Abbott Insect., 2. p. 113. t. a ; Castanea pumila virginiana, &c, 
Pluk, Alm., 90., Cat. Car.,1. p. 9.t.9., Du Ham. Arb., 3.; Chataigner Chincapin, Fr. ; zwerch 
Kastanie, or Castanje, Ger. 
Engravings. Wang. Amer., 57. t. 19. f. 44.3 Abb. Ins., 2. t. 57.; Cat. Car., 1. t.9.; Pluk. Alm., 
90. t. 156. f. 2.; Michx. N. Amer. Syl., 3. t. 105.; our fig. 1927. from Michaux; and jig. 1928. 
from the tree in the Horticultural Society’s Garden. 
Spec. Char.,§c. eaves oblong, acute, 
mucronately serrated ; covered with 
white tomentum beneath. (Willd.) 
A shrub, 7 ft. or 8 ft. high, but some- 
times attaining the size of a tree (NSM) | 
30 ft. or 40 ft. high. It is a native WMYy 
of North America, where it forms a 
shrub rarely exceeding the height of 
7 ft. or 8 ft. in New Jersey, Delaware, \ 
and Maryland ; though in South Ca- 
rolina, Georgia, and Lower Louisi- 
ana, it is sometimes 30 ft. or 40 ft. 
high, with a trunk from 12in. to 15in. 
in diameter. The leaves are 3in. 
or 4in. long, sharply toothed, and 4 
similar in form to those of the C. v. @ 
americana ; from which they are dis- 
tinguished by their inferior size, and 
the whiteness of their under surface. 
The fructification also resembles that 
of C. v. americana in form and arrangement; but the flowers and fruit are 
only about half as large, and the nut is convex on both sides. (Michaua.) 
The chincapin is bounded to the northward, in America, Michaux adds, 
by the eastern shore of the river Delaware, on which it is found to the 
distance of 100 miles from 
Cape May. It is more com- 
mon in Maryland, and still 
more so in the lower part of 
Virginia, in the Carolinas, 
Georgia, the Floridas, and 
Louisiana, as far as the river 
Arkansas. In West Ten- 
nessee, it is frequent in the 
prairies enclosed in the 
forests; and it abounds 
throughout the southern SSH, 
states, wherever the common /77/// i 
American chestnut is wanting. ~ 
The wood, Michaux informs 
us, is more compact, heavier, 
and finer-grained, than that 
of the American chestnut ; 
and, as posts, it will last in 
the earth more than 40 years. The saplings, however, become loaded 
“with branches while they are no thicker than the finger, and are thus 
rendered too knotty for hoops.” The fruit, which is about the size of the 
wild hazel, is brought to market in America, and is eaten raw by children. 
The tree requires a cool and fertile soil, with a mild climate; as, even in 
the south of the United States, it becomes stunted when it grows in arid 
land, and does not exceed the height of 6 ft. or 7 ft.; it is, however, one of 
the most common shrubs in the southern states of North America, as it 
