CHAP. CV. CORYLA‘CE. CO’RYLUS. 2017 
% 1. C. AvELLA‘NA LL. The common Hazel Nut. 
Identification. Wort. Cliff., 448.; Fl. Suee., 787. 873.; Mat. Med., 204.; Hort. Ups., 286.; Roy 
Lugdb., 81. ; Dalib. Paris., 294.; Gmel. Sib., 1. p.150.; Mill. Dict., No. 1. ; Scop. Carn., No. 1192. : 
Du Roy Harbk., i: P 173. ; Gmel. Ib., 1. No, 66.; Pollich Pall, No. 912. ; Blackw., t. 293.; Kniph. 
Cent., 1. No, 19.; Hoftm. Germ., 359.; Roth Germ., 1. p. 
409., 2. ie Willd. Sp. Pl., 4. p.470.; Eng. Flor., 4. 
pe, 1575 ng. Bot., t. 723. ; Brit. FL, 1. p.410.; Hook. Br. 
1., p. 405.3; Mackay FL Hibern. p. 256. ; Lindl. Synop., 
p. 940.; N. Du Ham.., 4. p. 19.; Lodd. Cat., ed, 1836. 
Engravings. Blackw., t. 293. ; Eng. Bot., t. 723.; N. Du 
am., 4. t. 5.; and our jig. 1941., in which a is a sprig in 
blossom ; 4, one in fruit ; c, the nut without its calyx; and 
d, the kernel 
Synonymes, Coudrier Noisetier, Fr.; Haselstrauch, Nuss- 
baum, Ger.; Avellano, Nocciolo, Ital. ; Avellano, Span. 
Derivation. Avellana is derived from Avellino, see p. 2020. % 
Hazel is from the Anglo-Saxon word hesil, which signifies 
a head-dress. Noisette signifies a small nut; and Nuss- 
baum, a nut tree. 
Spec. Char.,§c. Stipules oblong-obtuse. Leaves 
roundish, cordate, pointed. Involucre of 
the fruit campanulate, rather spreading, torn 
at the margin. (Wil/d.) A shrub cr low 
tree; a native of Europe and the east and 
west of Asia; growing to the height of 20 ft. | 
and upwards ; but commonly found in the \\\\ | 
character of a bush, as undergrowth in QW 
woods, especially of the oak. 
Varieties. These are numerous; and they may be divided into two classes ; 
viz., botanical or ornamental varieties, and those cultivated for their fruit. 
A. Botanical Varieties. 
& C. A. 1 sylvestris Ait. Hort. Kew., v. p. 303.; C. Avellana Svensk 
Bot., t. 139., Eng. Bot., t.723.; C. sylvéstris Bauh. Pin., 418., Ray, 
439., Willd. Abbild., t. 151., and our fig. 1941. The common Hazel 
Nut, in a wild state. 
& C, A. 2 pimilus; C. pimilus Lodd. Cat., ed. 1836; is rather dwarfer 
than the species. 
% C. A. 3 heterophilla ; C, heteroph¥lla Lodd. Cat., ed. 1836; C. laci- 
nidta Hort, ; C. urticifolia Hort. ; the various, or nettle, leaved, Hazel ; 
has the leaves variously cut, and thickly covered with hairs. 
a C. A. 4 purpurea; C. purptrea Lodd. Cat., ed. 1836; C. dtro-pur- 
purea Hort.; has the leaves of a dark red or purple, and is a very 
striking variety. If grafted standard high on C. Coldrna, this would 
make a most singular and beautiful small tree. 
B. Varieties cultivated for their Fruit. 
The cultivated hazels are of two kinds; viz., nuts and filberts. The 
former are distinguished by the shortness of their calyxes, or husks, and 
the latter by their length ; but, in consequence of the numerous crosses 
between these two classes of varieties, the distinction can scarcely now 
be kept up. The term filbert, is supposed, according to some, to be a 
corruption of full beard, alluding to the husk; but the old English poet 
Gower assigns the name a different and more poetical origin ; “his is 
rendered plausible by the fact of the old English name being philberd. 
—“ Phillis 
Was shape into a nutte tree, 
That all men it might see ; 
And after Phillis, Philberd 
This tree was cleped.” Confessio Amantis. 
In the Horticultural Society’s Catalogue of Fruits, 31 sorts are enume- 
rated ; but the kinds best deserving of culture for their fruit, and also as 
ornamental shrubs or low trees, are considered by Mr. Thomson to be 
only 5, which we have distinguished among those hereafter enumerated 
by a star. 
6P 2 
