298 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS 



ACHATINELLA S. Str. 



Synonym. Apex von Martens. 



Well has Dr Hartman remarked, that the species of this group " are involved in 

 almost inextricable confusion." Our ignorance of the animal in most forms, combined 

 with the fact that authors have described frequently from single specimens, or from 

 series of two or three, entirely at present prevents one ascertaining the true specific 

 limits. 



In the one or two instances where I have attempted 'lumping,' the results are due 

 to a long series of specimens in which I have been unable to arrive at a definite break 

 between the one 'species' and the other. 



The conclusions I have drawn are founded on Newcomb's and Pfeiffer's type 

 specimens ; specimens compared with Gulick's types ; further a few of the types de- 

 scribed by Mr Smith ; and, finally, the specimens collected by Mr Perkins and a collec- 

 tion formed by Mr Hutchison. 



All the species of this group are confined to the Island of Oahu. 



(i) Achatinella albospii'a Smith. 



Apex albospira Smith, P. Zool. Soc. London, 1873, p. ■]■], pi. x. fig. 8. 

 Unknown to me; it has been united by Dr Hartman with A. hirgida Newc. 

 [ = A. cestus Newc.]. 



Hab. Oahu, Ewa. 



(2) Achatinella apexfulva Dixon. 



Turbo apex fulva Dixon, Voyage round the world, 1789, p. 344, figd. on an un- 

 numbered plate. 



Turbo lugubris Chemnitz, Conch.-Cab. xi. 1795, p. 278, pi. ccix. figs. 2059, 

 2060. 



Cochlogena {Helictei-es) lugubris Chemnitz, Ferussac, Prodrome, p. 60, no. 431. 



Monodonta seminigra Lamarck, Hist. Nat. Anim. sans Vert. vii. (1822), p. 37. 



Achatinella pica Swainson, Zool. 111. Moll. ser. 11. pi. xcix. fig. i. 



Hab. Oahu, Kawailoa (Baldwin). 



Dixon was thoroughly binomial, as a reference to his work will show : his figures 

 are good, and the only point that can be made against the utilization of his name is that 

 it appeared in three words. This, probably, was a printer's error, or a slip, as other 

 names in the same work are proper, and suitable descriptions are given. 



